Compendium of Local Civics 



AYRS 



OHIO EDITION 






Glass 


Book_( 

"baaSs. 

Copyright N° 

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COPYRIGHT DEPOSIT. 











































































































































































COMPENDIUM 
Of LOCAL CIVICS 


By 

FRANK P. SAYRS * / 



WILMINGTON, OHIO 

UNION SUPPLY COMPANY 
1916 


. ‘b 

, * ? > 


Copyright, 1915, 
by the Union Supply Co. 

Copyright, 1916, 
by the Union Supply Co. 


JAN !3 ISi6 

©GI.A420354 ^ 




CONTENTS 


CHAPTER 

I. Township Officials, 

PAGE 

- 7-15 

II. 

Municipal Corporations, - 

- 16-28 

III. 

County Officials, 

- 29-39 

IV. 

Board of Education, 

- 40-46 

V. 

School Examiners, 

- 47-49 

VI. 

Ohio,. 

- 50-84 



INTRODUCTION. 


It is with the hope of being able to put into 
the hands of the pupils and teachers of our pub¬ 
lic and private institutions of learning many 
facts relative to the officials of our local govern¬ 
ment, hitherto difficult of access, that has 
prompted the compilation of this work. The 
sectional numbers used, not otherwise desig¬ 
nated, refer either to the “Ohio General Code” 
or the “Ohio Laws” volumes 103 and 104. 

Give our citizens a thorough knowledge of the 
local government and there will be less friction 
in business and social life. 

Grateful acknowledgment is hereby made for 
encouragement and helpful suggestions received 
from friends of educational and professional at¬ 
tainments. F. P. S. 























TOWNSHIP OFFICIALS. 


1. Trustees . 3268 to 3298 

2. Clerk . 3299 to 3308 

3. Treasurer . 3309 to 3326 

4. Constables . 3327 to 3348 


5. Assessors (See Dis¬ 
trict Tax Assessor). 3349 to 3354 (Repealed.) 

6. Township High¬ 

way Superintend¬ 
ent . 3370 to 3374 and 3385. 

7. Ditch Supervisor. 3386 to 3390 

8. Board of Health. 3391 to 3394 

Election. 

Trustees. 

Each civil township shall elect biennially, on 
the first Tuesday after the first Monday in No¬ 
vember, in the odd numbered years, three trustees, 
who shall hold their offices for two years, com¬ 
mencing on the first day of January next after 
their election. 

Clerk and Treasurer. 

They shall be elected biennially in each town¬ 
ship, and hold their offices two years from the 
first day of January next after their election. 

Constables. 

Such number of constables as directed by the 
trustees shall be elected biennially in each town- 
7 






LOCAL CIVICS. 


ship, who shall hold office for two years from the 
first day of January next following the election. 

Township Highway Superintendent. 

The trustees of each township shall employ 
and hire for each road district a suitable person, 
not one of their own number, a resident of the 
district, who shall be known as township highway 
superintendent. 3370. 

Ditch Supervisor. 

In any township in which county or township 
ditches have been located or established; at the 
time and in the manner provided by law for the 
election of township officers, there may be elected 
a township ditch supervisor, who shall serve for 
a term of four years. 3386. 

Duties, Vacancies, and Compensation. 
Trustees. 

The trustees of a township shall be a body 
corporate, with power to contract and be con¬ 
tracted with, sue and be sued, and take charge of 
the affairs of the township and manage them ac¬ 
cording to the best interest thereof. 3282 to 
3283-3. 

If vacancy occurs in the office of trustee, the 
justice of the peace holding the oldest commis¬ 
sion, or if commissions are of even date, the 
justice oldest in years shall fill it by appointment. 
3262. For exceptions, see sections 3187, 3188. 

Each trustee shall be entitled to $1.50 per day 
in discharge of his duties in relation to partition 
8 


TOWNSHIP OFFICIALS. 


fences, to be paid in equal proportions by the 
parties, and $1.50 for each day of service in the 
business of the township, to be paid from the 
township treasury. 3294. 

Clerk. 

The clerk of the township shall keep an ac¬ 
curate account of the proceedings of the trustees 
at their meetings, their acceptance of the bonds 
of township officers. For other duties, see sec¬ 
tions 3301 to 3306. Where there is a vacancy in 
the office of township clerk the township trustees 
shall appoint for unexpired term. 3261. 

The compensation of the clerk shall be fees 
and an allowance in addition to fees for other 
work not to exceed $150 in any year. 

Treasurer. 

The treasurer shall have charge of the moneys 
coming into the township treasury, and pay the 
same out on an order signed personally by at 
least two of the trustees and the clerk. 

Successor appointed by township trustees for 
the unexpired term. 

The treasurer shall be allowed 2% of all 
moneys paid out by him upon the order of the 
township trustees. 3318. 

Constables. 

All constables shall be ministerial officers in 
justices' courts in their respective townships in 
civil cases, and in their respective counties in 
criminal cases, and civil process may be executed 
9 


LOCAL CIVICS. 


by them throughout the county under the re¬ 
strictions and provisions of the law. For other 
duties, see G. C. 3335 to 3345. 

The township trustees shall appoint to fill 
such vacancy until the next biennial election for 
constable. 3329. 

The compensation of constable shall be fees. 
3347 G. C. 

He is also allowed a special compensation by 
the trustees for advertising elections and notify¬ 
ing the township officers of their elections. 

Justice of the Peace. 

See Judicial Department, page 82. 

Township Highway Superintendent . 

Under the direction of the township trus¬ 
tees, the superintendent, when properly qualified, 
shall have full control of all roads within his dis¬ 
trict assigned by the township trustees, and shall 
keep them in good repair and condition for all 
kinds of public travel, and the trustees shall 
furnish him with the necessary implements and 
materials for the proper and economical care of 
the roads. 3371. 

The superintendent shall have all the 
powers and privileges given superintendents 
for drainage and for removal of logs or other 
obstructions found within the limits of the road. 
He may contract for all material necessary for 
repairs. 3372. 

When a vacancy occurs, it is filled by the 
employment of another superintendent by the 
township trustees. 


10 


TOWNSHIP OFFICIALS. 


The superintendent shall receive for his serv¬ 
ices per hour for time actually employed in 
the care of the roads such compensation as the 
trustees may deem proper, which shall be paid 
from the road funds of the township. 

Before entering upon the discharge of his duty, 
the township highway superintendent shall give 
bond to the State of Ohio, for use of the town¬ 
ship, in the sum of $200, conditioned upon the 
faithful performance of his duty. Such bond 
shall be approved by the trustees of the township 
interested, and filed with the clerk of the town¬ 
ship. 

Ditch Supervisor. 

The township ditch supervisor shall have the 
supervision of all township and county ditches in 
his township. He shall clean them out and keep 
them in repair as provided by law, and shall per¬ 
form such other duties as are imposed upon him 
by law. 3389. 

The township trustees shall fill any vacancy 
which occurs in such office, by resignation or 
otherwise, by appointment, until the next proper 
election, when a successor shall be chosen for the 
unexpired term. 3389. 

Such supervisor shall receive $2.00 per day 
for the time actually engaged in performing the 
duties of his office, to be paid by the township 
trustees from the township ditch fund. When 
actually engaged in measuring a ditch, the super¬ 
visor shall be allowed one assistant, who shall 
receive $1.50 per day for the time actually em¬ 
ployed, to be paid in like manner as the super¬ 
intendent. 3388. 


11 


LOCAL CIVICS. 


Board of Health. 

The Township Trustees shall constitute a 
Board of Health outside the limits of any munic¬ 
ipality. They shall appoint a Health Officer and 
sanitary officers and fix their compensation. 

TAX COMMISSION. (See p. 69.) 

Appointment, Duties, Vacancies, and 
Compensation. 

House Bill No. 29. 0. L. V. 106. 

The offices of district assessors, district boards 
of assessors and district boards of complaints 
created by an act pased April 18, 1913, 0. L. V. 
103, page 786, are hereby abolished and the terms 
of office of all persons appointed to said offices 
shall upon the taking effect of this act, cease and 
terminate. 

District assessors and district boards of as¬ 
sessors shall turn over to the county auditor of the 
counties constituting their respective assessment 
districts, and district boards of complaints shall 
turn over to the county boards of revision, created 
by this act, of the counties constituting their re¬ 
spective districts, all the books, papers, files, rec¬ 
ords. and furniture of their said offices. Any un¬ 
finished business of a district assessor or board of 
assessors shall be completed by such county audi¬ 
tor and any unfinished business of a district board 
of complains shall be completed by such county 
board of revision. 5579. 0. L. V. 106. 

Tax Commission. 

In addition to all other powers and duties 
vested in or imposed upon it by law, the tax com¬ 
mission of Ohio shall direct and supervise the as- 
12 


TOWNSHIP OFFICIALS. 


sessment for taxation of all real and personal prop¬ 
erty in the state. County auditors, under the di¬ 
rection and supervision of the tax commission of 
Ohio, shall be the chief supervising, assessing of¬ 
ficers of their respective counties, and with the 
local assessors selected in a manner provided in 
this act, shall list and value real and personal 
property for taxation, within and for their re¬ 
spective counties, except as may be otherwise pro¬ 
vided by law. 

There shall also be in each county a board to 
hear complaints and revise assessments of real and 
personal property for taxation, which shall be 
known as the county board of revision. 5579. 0. 
L. Y. 106. 

The listing of all property, moneys, credits, in¬ 
vestments in bonds, stocks, joint stock companies, 
or otherwise, except the stock in trade of transient 
persons, shall be made between the second Monday 
of April and the first Monday of June annually. 
The listing and valuation of all such property 
shall be made as of the day preceding the second 
Monday of April, annually, and all personal prop¬ 
erty, moneys, credits, and investments, except as 
otherwise provided in this act, shall be listed and 
valued with respect to the ownership thereof on 
said date and in the place where then taxable. 
5366-1. No. 4, 0. L. Y. 106. 


Assessors. 

At the regular election to be held in Novem¬ 
ber, 1915, and biennially thereafter, assessors shall 
be elected in the' manner provided by law for the 
election of ward, district, city, village, and town¬ 
ship officers as follows: 

13 


LOCAL CIVICS. 


In municipal corporations divided into wards, 
one assessor shall be elected in each ward; in vil¬ 
lages, one; in cities not divided into wards, the 
board of deputy state supervisors of elections or 
the board of deputy state supervisors and inspec¬ 
tors of elections, as the case may be, acting in con¬ 
junction with the county auditor, within ten days 
after this act shall become effective, shall divide 
such cities, or such parts thereof as may be lo¬ 
cated in their county, into such number of assess¬ 
ment districts as in the judgment of the county 
auditor may be necessary, in order to provide for 
the assessment of all the property therein, and one 
assessor shall be elected for each district. 3319. 
No. 17, 0. L. V. 106. 

An assessor shall be a citizen possessing the 
qualifications of an elector of the assessment dis¬ 
trict for which he is elected. He shall hold his 
office for a term of two years from and after the 
first day of January following his election. Upon 
his election and qualification the right of the dep¬ 
uty assessor for that district shall cease, and he 
shall turn over to the person thus elected all the 
books, records, papers, and furniture of said office. 

The county auditor, when he thinks necessary, 
may appoint assistant assessors. Assessors, as¬ 
sistant assessors, and members of a county board 
of revision shall give bond, payable to the state 
for the faithful performance of their duties. The 
amount of their bonds shall be respectively, $1,000, 
$500, and $2,000, to be approved by the county 
auditor in the county where the principal resides. 
3351. No. 19, O. L. V. 106. 

The county auditor has the power to fill va¬ 
cancy in office of assessor. 3353-1. No. 22, O. 
L. V. 106. 14 


TOWNSHIP OFFICIALS. 


The county auditor annually shall fix the com¬ 
pensation of assessors, which shall not be less than 
$3.00, nor more than $6.00 per day, which shall 
be drawn from the county treasury on the war¬ 
rant of the auditor. 3364. No. 23, 0. L. Y. 106. 

County Board of Revision. 

The county treasurer, prosecuting attorney, 
probate judge, and the president of the board of 
county commissioners shall constitute a county 
board for appointment of three members of county 
boards of revision, subject to approval by the tax 
commission of Ohio. In case the county board 
fails to appoint in the month of April, 1916, and 
annually thereafter, the tax commission of Ohio 
shall make such appointment. 

Each member of this board must be an elector 
and freeholder of the county. Not more than two 
shall be of the same political party, and only one 
a resident of the same township, city, or village, 
except where the amount of taxable property in 
any city within the county exceeds the amount of 
taxable property outside of such city and within 
said county, two members of the board of revision 
shall be residents of the city. 5580. No. 31, 0. L. 
Y. 106. 

Vacancies filled by appointing board. 5588. 
No. 92, 0. L. Y. 106. 

The county commissioners fix the amount of 
compensation at not less than $3.50 nor more than 
$10.00 per day for the time they are in session. 

The board of revision has power to increase or 
decrease the value for taxation and list property 
omitted. 


15 


MUNICIPAL CORPORATIONS. 

Classification, 3497. 

Municipal corporations which, at the last 
federal census, had a population of 5,000 or more, 
shall be cities. All other municipal corporations 
shall be villages. Cities which, at any future 
federal census, have a population of less than 
5,000 shall become villages. Villages which, at 
any future federal census have a population of 
5,000 or more shall become a city. 


Officials. 


City Government. 


1. Council. 

2. Mayor. 

3. President of Council. 

4. Auditor. 

5. Treasurer. 

6. Solicitor. 

7. Director of Public Service. 

8. Director of Public Safety. 


Officials of Council. 

1. President pro tern. 

2. Clerk. 


Election, Duties, Vacancies, and 

„ Compensation. 

Council. 

The legislative power of each city shall be 
vested in and exercised by a council, composed of 
not fewer than seven members, four of whom 
16 


MUNICIPAL CORPORATIONS. 


shall be elected by wards and three by the 
electors of the city at large. For the first 20,000 
inhabitants in addition to the original 5,000 there 
shall be elected two additional members of the 
council elected by wards, and for each 15,000 in¬ 
habitants thereafter there shall be one additional 
member similarly elected. When the total num¬ 
ber of members of council is fifteen or more, one 
member of every five shall be elected at large and 
the remainder from wards. 4206. 

Councilmen at large shall have resided in the 
city, and councilmen from wards in their ward, 
for at least one year preceding their election. 

Each member of the council shall be an elector 
of the city, shall not hold any other public office 
or employment, except that of notary public or 
member of the state militia, and shall not be 
interested in any contract for the city. 

Councilmen at large removing from the city 
or those elected from wards removing from ward, 
shall forthwith forfeit their office. 4207. 

One member from each ward and such number 
of members at large as is provided by law shall be 
chosen in each odd-numbered year. Members of 
council shall serve for two years from the first 
Monday of January next following their election, 
and until their successors are elected and qual¬ 
ified. 4208. 

Vacancies in council are filled by election by 
council for unexpired term. The mayor shall 
appoint in case the council fails to elect within 
thirty days. 4236. 

The compensation of members of the council, if 
17 


LOCAL CIVICS. 


any is fixed, shall be in accord with time actually 
consumed in the discharge of their official duties, 
but shall not exceed $150.00 per year each in 
cities having a population of 25,000 or less at the 
last federal census. For every 30,000 additional 
inhabitants so determined, such compensation 
may be, but not exceed, an additional $100.00 per 
year, but the salary shall not exceed $1,200.00 
per year, and shall be paid semi-monthly. A 
proportional reduction in salary shall be made for 
the non-attendance of any member upon a reg¬ 
ular or special meeting of council, except when 
excused by two-thirds of the members elected. 
4209. 0. L. V. 106. 

The members of the council shall elect within 
ten days of the commencement of their term, a 
president pro tern, a clerk, and such other em¬ 
ployes of council as may be necessary, and fix 
their duties, bonds, and compensation. Said 
officers shall serve for two years, unless removed 
for cause by a two-thirds vote of the members 
elected to council. Such removal must be at 
a regular meeting of the council. 4210. 

The powers of council shall be legislative 
only, and it shall neither appoint nor confirm any 
officer or employe in the city government other 
than those of its own body, except as otherwise 
provided by law. Vacancies shall be filled by 
council. 

All contracts requiring the authority of coun¬ 
cil for their execution shall be entered into and 
conducted to performance by those having legal 
charge of such, and after authority to make such 
contracts has been given and the necessary ap- 
18 


MUNICIPAL CORPORATIONS. 


propriation made, council shall take no further 
action thereon. 4211. 

Council shall have power to divide the city 
into wards, after each federal census, and within 
three months after the issuance of the proclama¬ 
tion of secretary of state of the population of 
such city, and when there is annexed thereto any 
territory containing, by the last federal census, 
such number of inhabitants as shall entitle it to 
another member of council, the council shall sub¬ 
divide the city into wards, equal in number to 
the members of the council therein to be elected 
from wards. On applications of the president of 
council, the director of public service shall make 
division into wards if council fails to do so within 
the specified time limit. The salary of no officer, 
clerk, or employe of the council shall be increased 
or diminished during the term for which he was 
elected or employed. 4212. 

Council shall fix by ordinance or resolution 
the salaries and compensation and amount of 
bond to be given for each clerk, officer, or employe 
under its control Bond to be approved by the 
mayor. 4214. 

Mayor. 

The chief executive power and authority of 
cities shall be vested in a mayor, president of 
council, auditor, treasurer, director of public 
service, and director of public safety. 

The executive officers mentioned above shall 
have exclusive right to appoint, under certain re¬ 
strictions, all officers and likewise to remove the 
same. 4226. 


19 


LOCAL CIVICS. 


The mayor is elected by the electors of the 
city for a term of two years, commencing on the 
first day of January next after his election. 4249. 

The mayor is chief conservator of the peace 
within the corporation. He shall appoint and 
have the power to remove the director of public 
service, the director of public safety, and the 
heads of the sub-departments of the departments 
of public safety and public service, and shall have 
such other powers and perform the several duties 
prescribed by law. 4250. 

All officers whose appointment is required as 
above stated shall be appointed not earlier than 
the second Monday in January nor later than the 
first Monday in February, and shall hold their 
respective offices until their successors are ap¬ 
pointed. 4251. 

The mayor shall fill all vacancies in the offices 
or positions above-mentioned unless otherwise 
provided by law, and such appointment shall con¬ 
tinue in force until the end of the term and until 
the successor is appointed or elected and qualified. 
4252. 

When a vacancy occurs in the office of mayor, 
the president of the council becomes mayor. 4274. 

The compensation of the mayor shall be de¬ 
termined by the council. 4214, 4219. 

President of Council. 

The president of the council shall be elected 
for a term of two years, commencing on the first 
day of January next after his election. 

He shall preside at all meetings of the council, 
but has no vote except in case of tie. 4272. 

20 


MUNICIPAL CORPORATIONS. 


When the mayor is absent from the city or is 
unable for any cause to perform his duties, the 
president of the council shall be the acting 
mayor. 

While the president of the city council is serv¬ 
ing as mayor he shall not serve as president of 
council. 4273. 

In case of the death, resignation, or removal 
of the mayor, the president of the council shall 
become the mayor and serve for the unexpired 
term. Thereupon the president pro tern of coun¬ 
cil becomes the president. The vacancy thus 
created in council shall be filled as other vacancies, 
and council shall elect another president pro tern. 
4274. 

Auditor. 

The auditor of city shall be elected for a term 
of two years, commencing on the first day of 
January next after his election. 

The auditor shall keep the books of the city 
and exhibit accurate statements of all moneys 
received and expended and of all property owned 
by the city and the income derived therefrom, 
and all taxes and assessments. 

Council shall furnish him a seal, an impression 
of which must be placed upon each paper requir¬ 
ing authentication. In the center of the seal 
shall be the name of the city and around the 
margin the words “City Auditor.” 

If a vacancy occurs in the office of auditor, it 
shall be filled by the mayor. 

The compensation of the auditor is fixed by 
the council. 


21 


LOCAL CIVICS. 


Treasurer. 

The treasurer shall be elected for a term of 
two years, such term commencing on the first 
day of January next following the election and 
shall serve until his successor shall be elected and 
qualified. He shall be elected by the electors 
of the corporation. Any vacancy in this office 
shall be filled by the mayor. 4252. 

He shall have the custody of the money com¬ 
ing into the treasury, and, by the consent of his 
bondsmen, may deposit the same in such banks 
within the county as seem best for the protection 
of such funds. 

The council, by ordinance, may fix the treas¬ 
urer’s compensation, and may designate the 
bank or banks within the county for such deposit 
as limited by law. 

Solicitor. 

A city solicitor shall be elected for a period 
of two years, term commencing on the first day 
of January next after his election. Such solicitor 
must be an attorney and counsellor at law, duly 
admitted to practice in this state. For duties, 
see General Code 4305-4317. 

Vacancy filled by the mayor for unexpired 
term. 

The city solicitor shall be prosecuting attorney 
of the police or mayor’s court, and he or the as¬ 
sistant or assistants whom he may designate to 
act as prosecuting attorney or attorneys of the 
said courts shall receive for this service such com¬ 
pensation as council may prescribe, and suoh 
22 


MUNICIPAL CORPORATIONS. 


additional compensation as the county commis¬ 
sioners shall allow. 

Director of Public Service. 

In each city there shall be a department of 
public service, which shall be administered by a 
director of public service, who shall be an elector 
of the city and appointed by the mayor, and shall 
serve until his successor is appointed and qualified. 

He shall make rules and regulations for the 
administration of the affairs under his super- 
vision; supervise all public works and under¬ 
takings of the city, except as otherwise provided 
by law. He shall keep a record of his proceedings. 

The council shall fix his compensation. 

Director of Public Safety. 

In each city there shall be a department of 
public safety, which shall be administered by a 
director of public safety, appointed by the mayor. 
He shall serve until his successor is appointed 
and qualified. His compensation shall be de¬ 
termined by the council. 

Under the direction of the mayor, the director 
of public safety shall be the executive head of 
the police and fire departments. He shall be the 
chief authority of charity, correction, and build¬ 
ing departments. He shall have all powers and 
duties connected with and incident to the ap¬ 
pointment, regulation, and government of these 
departments, except as otherwise provided by 
law. 

For other duties, see 4368-4371. 

23 


LOCAL CIVICS. 
Village Government. 


Officers. 

1. Council. 

2. Mayor. 

3. Clerk. 

4. Treasurer. 

5. Marshal. 

6. Street Commissioner. 

The mayor, clerk, treasurer, marshal, street 
commissioner, and other officers and departments 
thereof as are created by law, shall be vested 
with the executive power and authority of the 
village. 4248. 

Election, Duties, Vacancies, and 

~ .. Compensation. 

Council. 

The legislative power of each village shall be 
vested in, and exercised by, a council consisting 
of six members, who shall be elected by the 
electors at large for terms of two years, and shall 
serve until their successors are elected and 
qualified. 4215. 

At the first meeting in January of each year 
the council shall at once elect from their own num¬ 
ber a president pro tern to serve for one year. 4216. 

The council may provide such employes for 
the village as they find necessary, and such em¬ 
ployes may be removed by a majority vote of 
the council at any regular meeting. 

In the absence of the mayor from the village, 
or when he is unable for any cause to perform his 
duties, the president pro tern of the council be¬ 
comes acting mayor with same powers as mayor. 

24 


MUNICIPAL CORPORATIONS. 


When any expenditure is in excess of $500.00, 
other than the compensation of persons employed, 
such contracts shall be in writing, and made with 
the lowest and best bidder, after advertising for 
not less than two nor more than four consecutive 
weeks in a newspaper of general circulation 
within the village. 4221. 

When the president pro tern becomes mayor, 
the council shall fill the vacancy thus created 
as in other cases, and they shall proceed to elect 
from their own number another president pro 
tern. 4217. 

Each member of council shall have resided in 
the village one year next preceding his election, 
and shall be an elector thereof. 

No member of council shall hold any other 
office or employment, other than that of notary 
public or member of the state militia, or be in¬ 
terested in any contract with the village. A vio¬ 
lation of the above or removal from the village 
will forfeit his office. 4218. 

Council shall fix the salaries of its employes. 
Members of the council may receive a compensa¬ 
tion of $2.00 for each meeting not to exceed 
twenty-four meetings in any one year. 4219. 

The village council may provide legal counsel 
when they think necessary and provide compen¬ 
sation therefor. 4220. 

Mayor . 

The election and term of office of mayor of 
village is same as for mayor of city. 

He shall be chief conservator of the peace 
within the corporation. He shall be the president 
25 


LOCAL CIVICS. 


of the council and preside at all regular and 
special meetings of the council, but shall have no 
vote except in case of a tie. 4255. 

In the absence of the mayor from the village 
or in case of his inability to serve, the president 
pro tern becomes acting mayor. In case of the 
mayor’s removal from office from any cause, the 
president pro tern becomes mayor. 4256. 

For removal of mayor by governor, see 4268. 

The compensation of the mayor in part shall 
be fees not to exceed fees of justice of the peace 
for same work and a salary specified by the 
council. 4257. 

Clerk . 

The clerk of village shall be elected for a 
term of two years, commencing on the first day 
of January next after his election. 

The general duties of the clerk are the same for 
the village as the auditor’s are for the city. His 
seal shall have in the center the name of the village, 
and around the margin the words “Village Clerk.” 

Vacancy in the office of clerk shall be filled 
by the mayor, and he shall receive a salary to be 
determined by the council. 

Treasurer. 

The treasurer shall be elected for a term of 
two years, such term commencing on the first 
day of January next following his election, and 
shall serve until his successor shall be elected and 
qualified. He shall be elected by the electors of 
the corporation. 

He shall have custody of the money coming 
26 


MUNICIPAL CORPORATIONS. 


into the treasury, and, by the consent of his 
bondsmen, may deposit the same in such bank or 
banks within the county as seem best for the 
protection of such funds. 

The council, by ordinance, may designate the 
bank or banks within the county for such deposit 
as limited by law. 

The mayor shall fill any vacancy occurring in 
the office of treasurer. 

The treasurer of a village shall receive such 
compensation for his services as the council may 
determine upon. 

Marshal . 

The marshal shall be elected for a term of 
two years, commencing on the first day of Jan¬ 
uary next after his election, and shall serve until 
his successor is elected and qualified. When pro¬ 
vided for by council and subject to its confirma¬ 
tion, the mayor shall appoint all deputy mar¬ 
shals, policemen, night watchmen, and special 
policemen, and may remove them for cause, 
which shall be stated in writing to council. 

The marshal shall be the peace officer of the 
village and the executive head under the mayor 
of the police force. 4384-4387. 

If a vacancy occurs in the office of marshal, 
it shall be filled by appointment by the mayor. * 

The salary or compensation of the marshal 
shall be by fees and an amount allowed by the 
council. 

Street Commissioner. 

The street commissioner shall be appointed 
by the mayor and confirmed by the council for 
27 


LOCAL CIVICS. 


a term of one year, and shall serve until his suc¬ 
cessor is appointed and qualified. 

Vacancies in the office of street commissioner 
shall be filled by the mayor for the unexpired 
term. In any village the marshal shall be eligible 
to appointment as street commissioner. 4363. 

He shall supervise the improvement and re¬ 
pair of streets, avenues, sidewalks, etc. He shall 
also supervise the lighting, sprinkling, and clean¬ 
ing of all public places, and shall perform such 
other duties consistent with the nature of his 
office as council may require. 4364. 

The council shall, by ordinance or resolution, 
determine the salary of the street commissioner. 

Police Judge. 

In villages the council may, upon the recom¬ 
mendation of the mayor, have a vote of two- 
thirds of all the members elected, appoint some 
justice of the peace, or if there be no such justice 
of the peace, other suitable person resident of 
the corporation, or a justice of the peace for the 
township in which such corporation is situate, 
police justice, who shall, during the term of office 
of such mayor, have concurrent jurisdiction of 
all prosecutions for violations of ordinances of 
the corporation or city, and have the same power, 
duty, and responsibility in all such cases as the 
mayor. 

The justice will be officially designated as 
“police judge/’ signing all process and records by 
that title, and be provided with a seal by the 
council to authenticate his process, etc. 


28 


PLANS. 


OPTIONAL PLANS OF GOVERNMENT FOR 
MUNICIPALITIES. 

Article XVII, Section 2, of the Constitution 
of Ohio, provides that general laws shall be passed 
to provide for the incorporation and government 
of cities and villages; and additional laws may also 
be passed for government of municipalities adopt¬ 
ing the same; but no such law shall become opera¬ 
tive in any municipality until it shall have been 
submitted to the electors thereof, and affirmed by 
a majority of those voting thereon, under regula¬ 
tions to be established by law. 

Plans of Government. 

1. Commission Plan. 

2. City Manager Plan. 

3. Federal Plan. 

In municipalities organized under the commis¬ 
sion plan, the only elective officers shall be the 
members of the municipal commission provided 
for in this act. 

Three commissioners shall be chosen in munici¬ 
palities having not more than 10,000 inhabitants 
according to last federal census, and five commis¬ 
sioners in all other municipalities. All such com¬ 
missioners shall be elected from the municipality 
at large. 

Election, Term, and Vacancies. 

At the first election held after the adoption of 
the commission plan, the entire number of com¬ 
missioners shall be chosen. In municipalities hav¬ 
ing three commissioners, the candidate having the 
highest number of votes at such first election shall 
hold office for four years, and the others for two 
2Sa 


LOCAL CIVICS. 


years. In municipalities choosing five commis¬ 
sioners, the two having the highest number of 
votes shall serve for four years and the others for 
two years. 

At subsequent elections the commissioners 
shall be chosen for four years. 

Vacancies in the commission shall be filled by 
the commission for the unexpired term. 

City Manager Plan. 

This form of government shall consist of a 
council of five or more citizens, according to the 
population of the city, chosen by the electors at 
large. 

The council shall constitute the governing 
body of such city with power to pass ordinances, 
adopt regulations, appoint a chief administrative 
officer, to be known as the city manager, approve 
all appointments made by the city manager, except 
as otherwise provided; fix all salaries, appoint a 
civil service commission, and all boards, and com¬ 
missioners created by ordinance. 

A municipality having not more than 10,000 
population shall have five members of council; 
more than 10,000 and not more than 25,000, 
seven; more than 25,000, nine. 

Term, four years, except first election, when 
the three out of the five, and the majority of the 
seven and nine having the highest vote shall serve 
four years, and the others two. 

Vacancies in the council shall be filled by the 
council, except vacancy resulting from recall elec¬ 
tion. 

The city manager shall hold his office at the 
28 b 


PLANS. 


pleasure of the council and receive a salary fixed 
by council. 

Federal Plan. 

The federal plan provides for the elective offi¬ 
cers of mayor and members of council. The 
mayor has the appointing of a director of public 
service, a director of public safety, a solicitor, and 
a treasurer. 

The council shall choose the auditor and clerk, 
and fix compensations of council. 1079. 0. L. V. 
106, page 510. Comp. 59. 


28c 



COUNTY OFFICIALS. 


1. Commissioners. 2395-2557 

2. Auditor. 2558-2631 

3. Treasurer. 2632-2749 

4. Recorder. 2750-2781 

5. Surveyor. 2782-2822 

6. Sheriff and Coroner. 2823-2866 

7. Clerk of Courts. 2867-2908 

8. Prosecuting Attorney. 2909-2926 

9. Common Pleas Judge. 1532-1558 

10. Probate Judge. 1580-1604 

11. Representative. 4826-4829 


Election. 

The county officers are elected biennially on 
the first Tuesday following the first Monday of 
November, in the even numbered years, by a 
direct vote of the electors of the county, and be¬ 
gin their two year terms as follows: 

Auditor y on the third Monday in October 
next following his election. 2558. 

County Commissioners , on the third Monday 
of September next following their election. 2395. 

County Recorder , County Surveyor, and County 
Treasurer each begin their term of office on the 
first Monday of September next after their elec¬ 
tion. The treasurer is limited to two consecutive 
terms. 

County Coroner, County Prosecuting Attorney, 
29 













LOCAL CIVICS. 


and County Sheriff each begin their term of office 
the first Monday in January next after their 
election. The sheriff is limited to two consec¬ 
utive terms. 

County Clerk of the Common Pleas Court , first 
Monday in August next after his election. 

The Probate Judge is elected quadrennially 
in each county, and shall hold his office four 
years, beginning on the ninth day of February 
next following his election. 

After 1914, the Common Pleas Judge shall be 
elected by the electors of the county in which he 
resides. He shall be elected for a term of six 
years, beginning January first following his elec¬ 
tion. On and after January first, 1915, each 
judge will preside within the county where he 
resides. 

The governor of the state shall cause the 
secretary of state to deliver to the judge so elected 
a commission for the period of six years. 

County Representative. 

Each county shall constitute a representative 
district, and is entitled to one representative, even 
if its population fall below the “representative 
ratio/’ The representative ratio is the whole 
population of the state divided by 100. Some 
counties have as many as ten representatives. 

The representatives are elected by the voters 
of the county in which they reside, and shall 
serve for two years from January 1st next follow¬ 
ing their election. 


30 


COUNTY OFFICIALS. 

Duties, Vacancies, and Compensation. 
County Commissioners. 

1. At September session shall examine and 
compare the accounts and vouchers of the county- 
auditor and treasurer, count the funds in the 
treasury, and direct the auditor to publish an 
exhibit of the receipts and expenditures for the 
past year. 

2. Have the power to provide a court house, 
jail, offices for county officers, and an infirmary, 
when, in their judgment, they are needed. They 
shall provide rooms, fire and burglar-proof vaults 
and safes, and other means of security in the 
office of the county treasurer necessary for the 
protection of public moneys and property therein. 

3. Shall construct and keep in repair the 
bridges of the county, unless in cities and villages 
exempted by law. 

4. May cause creek or watercourse to be 
straightened to protect any bridge or road within 
its control. 

5. They are the officers in trust of the public 
buildings and improvements of the county. 

If a vacancy occurs in the office of commis¬ 
sioner more than thirty days before the next 
election for state and county officers, a suc¬ 
cessor shall be elected thereat. If the interests 
of the county require that the vacancy be filled 
before the election, the probate judge, auditor, 
and recorder of the county, or a majority of them, 
shall appoint one to serve until his successor is 
elected and qualified. 

In each county in which on the twentieth day 
31 


LOCAL CIVICS. 


of December of the preceding year the aggregate 
of the tax duplicate for real estate and personal 
property is $5,000,000.00 or less, each commis¬ 
sioner shall receive $900.00, and after 1911 not 
exceed 115% of said salary, and in addition thereto 
if the tax duplicate is more than $5,000,000.00, 
$3.00 for each full $100,000.00 of the amount of 
such duplicate more than $5,000,000.00. 

Extra on ditch work, $3.00 per day each ac¬ 
tually so employed, the total for said ditch work 
not to exceed $300.00 in one year. 

Maximum salary, $3,500.00. 

County Auditor. 

1. By virtue of his office, he is secretary of 
the county commissioners. He shall keep a 
record of their proceedings and carefully preserve 
all documents, books, records, maps, etc., re¬ 
quired to be deposited and kept in his office. 

2. He shall certify moneys into the county 
treasury, except moneys collected on the tax 
duplicate. 

3. Except money due the state, which shall 
be paid out upon the warrant of the auditor of 
the state, the county auditor shall issue warrants 
on the county treasurer for all moneys payable 
from such treasury. 

4. The auditor shall make out a tax list and 
duplicate for the county. He shall also make all 
transfers of real estate when it changes owners, if 
properly certified to him. 

5. By virtue of his office, the county auditor 
is county sealer of weights and measures. 

If a vacancy occurs in the office of county 
32 


COUNTY OFFICIALS. 


auditor more than thirty days before the next 
election for state and county officers, a successor 
shall be elected thereat. If deemed necessary, an 
auditor may be appointed by the county com¬ 
missioners. 

Treasurer. 

The treasurer of the county shall collect the 
taxes as shown on the duplicate received from the 
auditor, receive all moneys paid to him by 
auditor, and dispose of the same as prescribed 
by law. 

He can pay out money on the order of the 
state and county auditors. 

Recorder. 

The recorder must keep four separate sets of 
records, namely: 

First, a record of deeds in which shall be re¬ 
corded all deeds, powers of attorney, and other 
instruments of writing for the absolute and un¬ 
conditional sale or conveyance of lands, ten¬ 
ements, and hereditaments; 

Second, a record of mortgages, in which shall 
be recorded all mortgages, powers of attorney, or 
other instruments of writing by which lands, ten¬ 
ements, or hereditaments are or may be mort¬ 
gaged or otherwise conditionally sold, conveyed, 
effected, or incumbered in law; 

Third, a record of plats, in which shall be 
recorded all plats and maps of town lots and of 
sub-divisions thereof, and of other divisions or 
surveys of lands; 

Fourth, a record of leases and powers of at¬ 
torney for the execution of leases. 

33 


LOCAL CIVICS. 


All instruments entitled to record shall be 
recorded in the order in which they are presented. 

Surveyor. 

He shall perform for the county all duties 
now or hereafter authorized or declared by law 
to be done by a civil engineer or surveyor. Pre¬ 
pare plans, specifications, estimated cost, and 
submit forms of contracts for construction or 
repair of all bridges, culverts, roads, drains, 
ditches, and other public improvements, except 
buildings constructed under the authority of any 
board within and for the county. 

He shall be subject to the county commis¬ 
sioners concerning the inspection of the public 
improvements within the county. 

Sheriff. 

Each sheriff shall preserve the public peace 
and cause all persons guilty of breach thereof, 
within his knowledge, to give security to appear 
at the succeeding term of common pleas court, 
or commit them to jail. He shall return a tran¬ 
script of all proceedings so taken to such court, 
and shall serve all warrants, writs, and other 
process to him directed by lawful authority. He 
shall attend upon the common pleas court during 
their sessions, and, when required, upon the 
probate court. 

Coroner. 

When informed that the body of a person 
whose death is supposed to have been caused by 
violence has been found within the county, the 
34 


COUNTY OFFICIALS. 


coroner shall proceed at once to the place where 
the body is and inquire into the cause of death. 

If he finds that the deceased came to his or 
her death by force or violence and by any other 
person or persons so charged and there present, 
he shall arrest such person or persons and convey 
the same immediately before a proper officer for 
examination according to law. If the person or 
persons so charged are not present, he shall notify 
one or more justices of the peace and the pros¬ 
ecuting attorney, if within the county, of the 
facts so found, in order that the persons may be 
immediately dealt with according to law. 

Clerk of the Court of Common Pleas. 

General Duties.—The clerk shall indorse on 
each pleading or paper in a cause filed in his 
office the time of filing, enter all orders, decrees, 
judgments, and proceedings of the courts of which 
he is by law the clerk, make a complete record of 
each cause, unless by law or the order of the 
court such record is dispensed with, and pay over 
to the proper parties all moneys coming into his 
hands as clerk. 

Prosecuting Attorney. 

The prosecuting attorney shall prosecute on 
behalf of the state all complaints, suits and con¬ 
troversies in which the state is a party and such 
other suits, matters, and controversies as he is 
directed by law to prosecute within or without the 
county, in the probate court, common pleas court, 
and circuit court. 

In conjunction with the attorney-general, he 
35 


LOCAL CIVICS. 


shall also prosecute cases in the supreme court 
arising in his county. 

The prosecuting attorney shall be the legal 
advisor of the county commissioners and all 
other county officers and county boards, and any 
of them may require of him written opinions 
or instructions in matters connected with their 
official duties. 

Judge of the Common Pleas Court. 

The judge of the common pleas court is the 
presiding officer of said court, which court has 
original jurisdiction in all civil cases where the 
sum and matter in dispute exceeds the exclusive 
original jurisdiction of justices of the peace, and 
appellate jurisdiction from the decision of county 
commissioners, justices of the peace, and other 
inferior courts in the proper county, in all civil 
cases, subject to the regulations provided by law. 

The judge of the common pleas court also has 
jurisdiction over most classes of criminal cases. 

Judge of the Probate Court. 

The probate court has jurisdiction, either ex¬ 
clusive or concurrent, in matters relative to wills, 
executors, or administrators, guardians and trus¬ 
tees, appropriation of property, insolvent debtors, 
and marriages. 

Representative. 

The representative shall have power to pre¬ 
sent bills or measures to become laws; may enter 
into debates upon the same and cast his vote for 
or against any measure proposed to become a 
law. See General Assembly. 

36 


COUNTY OFFICIALS. 


County Treasurer , County Recorder , County Sur¬ 
veyor , County Sheriff , County Coroner , and 
County Clerk of the Court. 

When a vacancy occurs in the offices of the 
above, the county commissioners shall fill the 
same by appointment for unexpired time. The 
county clerk shall be appointed within ten days, 
otherwise the county auditor shall fill the vacancy. 

County Prosecuting Attorney. 

Vacancy filled by common pleas court. 

Probate Judge and Common Pleas Judge. 

Governor shall appoint until successor is 
elected for unexpired term. 

County Representative. 

The governor, upon satisfactory information 
of a vacancy in the office of representative or 
senator, shall issue a writ of election directing 
that a special election be held to fill the vacancy. 

County Officials ’ Salaries . 

With the exception of county coroner, who 
still is compensated by stipulated fees, the county 
officers receive salaries either in proportion to 
the population of the county or the amount of 
valuation of its real estate and personal property. 

Auditor , Treasurer , and Probate Judge. 

Receive salaries based upon the population of 
the county, being the same for each, viz.: 

1. $100.00 for each full 1,000 of the first 

15,000 population. 


37 


LOCAL CIVICS. 


2. $65.00 for each full 1,000 of the second 
15,000 population. 

3. $55.00 for each full 1,000 of the third 
15,000 population. 

4. $45.00 for each full 1,000 of the fourth 
15,000 population. 

5. $35.00 for each full 1,000 of the fifth 
15,000 population. 

6. $25.00 for each full 1,000 of the sixth 
15,000 population. 

7. $5.00 per 1,000 for each full 1,000 of such 
population of the county in excess of 90,000. 

Maximum, $6,000.00. 

Cleric's Salary . 

Based on the same population as above, shall 
be: $85.00; $60.00; $50.00; $40.00; $30.00; 
$20.00, and $5.00. Maximum, $6,000.00. 
Sheriffs Salary. 

$65.00; $55.00; $35.00; $25.00; $15.00, and 
$5.00. Maximum, $6,000.00. 

Recorder's Salary. 

$60.00; $50.00; $40.00; $30.00; $20.00; 

$10.00, and $5.00. Maximum, $6,000.00. 
Prosecuting Attorney's Salary. 

$60.00; $50.00; $60.00; $40.00;$30.00; $10.00, 
and $10.00. Maximum, $5,500.00. 3003. O. L. 
V. 106. 

Surveyor, County Highway Superintendent. 

$40.00; $30.00; $25.00; and $5.00 per 1,000 
in excess of 6,000, and in addition $1.00 per mile 
for the first 1,000 miles of road in his county. 
Maximum, $4,000. 

For all county officials’ salaries, see 2977 to 
3053. ' 38 


COUNTY OFFICIALS. 


Common Pleas Judge’s Salary. 

$3,000.00, and $25.00 for each 1,000 popula¬ 
tion of the county in which he resides, based on 
last federal census before beginning of term. 
2980-1. 

Deputies, Assistants, Clerks, Etc. 

The aggregate sum fixed by the county com¬ 
missioners to be expended in any one year for 
the compensation of such deputies, assistants, 
bookkeepers, clerks, or other employes, except 
court constables, shall not exceed, for any county 
auditor’s office, county recorder’s office, sheriff’s 
office, or office of the clerk of courts, an aggregate 
amount to be ascertained by computing 30% on 
the first $2,000.00 or fractional part thereof, 40% 
on the next $8,000.00 or fractional part thereof, 
and 85% on all over $10,000.00 of fees, costs, 
percentages, penalties, allowances, and other per¬ 
quisites collected for the use of the county in any 
such office for official services during the year 
ending September 30, next preceding the time of 
fixing such aggregate sum, and an additional sum 
may be allowed by applying to a judge of the 
common pleas court. 

The deputies, etc., may be appointed by the 
above-named officers. 

Representative’s Salary. 

$1,000.00, mileage of 2 cents per mile each way 
once a week during the session from and to his 
place of residence by most direct route. If ab¬ 
sent without leave and not excused upon his re¬ 
turn, his compensation shall be reduced $10.00 
for each day’s absence. 

39 


BOARDS OF EDUCATION. 


O. L. V. 104. 

Organization. 

Officers. 

The board of education of each city, village, 
and rural district shall organize on the first 
Monday of January after the election of members 
of such board. One member of the board shall 
be elected president, one as vice-president, and 
a person who may or may not be a member of the 
board shall be elected clerk. The president and 
vice-president shall serve for a term not to exceed 
two years. 

The board shall fix the time of holding its 
regular meetings. 

Vacancies. 

Vacancies in the organization are filled by the 
board. 

Treasurer of School Funds. 

4763, 0. L. V. 104. 

4782, O. L. V. 104. 

4784, 0. L. V. 104. 

In each city school district the treasurer of the 
city funds shall be the treasurer of the school 
funds. In all village and rural districts, which 
do not provide legal depositories as provided by 
law, the county treasurer shall be the treasurer 
40 


BOARDS OF EDUCATION. 


of the school fund of such districts. When a 
depository has been provided by law for the 
school mone3 r s of the district, the board of educa¬ 
tion of the district, by resolution adopted by a 
vote of a majority of its members, shall dispense 
with a treasurer of the school moneys belonging 
to such school boards. In such case the clerk of 
the board of education shall perform all the 
services, discharge all the duties, and be subject 
to all the obligations required by law of the 
treasurer of such school funds. 

Boards of Education. 

O. L. V. 104, p. 133. 

Kinds of Districts. 4679. 

The school districts of the state shall be 
styled respectively: 

1. City School Districts. 4680. 

2. Village School Districts. 

3. Rural School Districts. 

4. County School Districts. 

A village district may dissolve and join a 
contiguous rural district. 4682-1, 0. L. V. 104. 

Each city, together with the territory attached 
to it for school purposes, and excluding the ter¬ 
ritory within its corporate limits detached for 
school purposes, shall constitute a city district. 

Each village, together with the territory at¬ 
tached to it for school purposes and having in 
the district thus formed a total tax valuation of 
not less than $100,000.00, shall constitute a village 
school district. 


41 


LOCAL CIVICS. 


Each county, exclusive of the territory em¬ 
braced in any city school district exempted from 
the supervision of the county board of education 
by the provisions of sections 4688 and 4688-1, 
and territory detached for school purposes, shall 
constitute a county school district. 

Election, Duties, Vacancies, and 
Compensation. 

City Board . 

1. In cities of less than 50,000 population, the 
board of education shall not consist of less than 
three nor more than five members, elected at 
large by the qualified electors of such district. 
4698, 0. L. V. 103. 

2. In cities containing 50,000 persons or more, 
but less than 150,000 persons, the board of ed¬ 
ucation shall consist of not less than two mem¬ 
bers nor more than seven members, elected at 
large by the qualified voters of the school dis¬ 
trict, and not less than two nor more than twelve 
members elected from sub-districts by the qual¬ 
ified electors of their respective sub-districts. 

3. In cities containing a population of 150,000 
persons or more, the board of education shall con¬ 
sist of not less than five nor more than seven 
members, elected at large by the qualified electors 
of such district. The office of sub-district mem¬ 
bers in boards of education in all such school 
districts is hereby abolished, to take effect 
January, 1914. 

The board of education shall determine 
within the limits prescribed the number of di¬ 
rectors of such district. 

42 


BOARDS OF EDUCATION. 


Ten per cent of the electors of such district 
may petition for a vote as to the number and 
organization of the board, in which event it must 
be taken. 

The term of office of all members of boards 
of education in cities shall be four years, begin¬ 
ning on the first Monday of January next after 
his election. 4698-4707. 

Vacancies in all boards of education are filled 
by the board for the unexpired term. 4748. 

Village Board. 

In village districts, the board of education 
shall consist of five members, elected at large at 
the same time as municipal officers are elected 
and in the maimer provided by law. 

The term of office to be regularly four years. 

Rural Board. 

In rural districts, the board of education shall 
consist of five members, elected at large at the 
time township officers are elected for a term of 
four years. 4712, O. L. V. 104. 

Each member of the board of education of 
rural districts, except such districts as contain 
less than sixteen square miles, shall receive as 
compensation $2.00 for each regular meeting 
actually attended by such member, but for not 
more than five meetings in any year. 

County Board. 

Each county school district shall be under 
the supervision and control of a county board of 
education consisting of five members, who shall 
43 


LOCAL CIVICS. 


be elected by the presidents of the various village 
and rural boards of education in such county 
school district. 

One member at least must be a resident of a 
village district if such district is located in the 
county school district, and at least three mem¬ 
bers of such board shall be residents of rural dis¬ 
tricts, but not more than one member shall re¬ 
side in any one village or rural district. 

Each year after the first election one member 
of the county board of education shall be elected 
in the same manner for a term of five years. 
4728, 0. L. V. 104. 

The county board of education shall have con¬ 
trol of all the schools in the county district. 

Shall divide the county district into super¬ 
vision districts. 

Elect county superintendent; under certain 
conditions, elect district superintendent, and per¬ 
form other duties as provided by law. 4734, 
O. L. V. 104. 

Each member, of the county board of educa¬ 
tion shall be paid his actual and necessary ex¬ 
penses incurred during his attendance upon any 
meeting of the board. 4734, O. L. V. 104. 

County Superintendent. 4744. 

The county board of education shall appoint a 
superintendent for a term of not longer than three 
years, whose term shall begin on the first day of 
August next after his appointment. 4744. 

The vacancies in the office of county super¬ 
intendent shall be filled by appointment of the 
county board. 4706-3. 

44 


BOARDS OF EDUCATION. 


The county superintendent shall hold monthly 
meetings with the district superintendents and 
advise with them on school efficiency. With the 
advice of the district superintendent, he shall 
outline a schedule of school visitation for the 
teachers of the county school district. He shall 
visit and inspect the school under his super¬ 
vision as often as possible. And perform other 
duties prescribed by law. 

The county board at the time of his appoint¬ 
ment shall fix his salary, which shall not be less 
than $1,200.00, and a sum not to exceed $300.00 
for traveling expenses and clerical help. 

District Superintendent. 4739. 

Each supervision district shall be under the 
direction of a district superintendent. 

Such district superintendent shall be elected 
by the presidents of the village and rural boards 
of education within such district, except where 
such supervision district contains three or fewer 
rural or village school districts, the boards of 
education of such school districts in joint session 
shall elect such superintendent. His first elec¬ 
tion shall not be for over one year, and subse¬ 
quent ones not to exceed three years. 

Vacancies are filled by the appointing power. 

The district superintendent, as often as ad¬ 
visable, shall visit the schools under his charge, 
direct and assist teachers in the performance of 
their duties, classify and control the promotion 
of pupils, and shall spend not less than three- 
fourths of his working time in actual class-room 
supervision. He shall be the chief executive 
45 


LOCAL CIVICS. 


officer of all boards of education within his dis¬ 
trict, and shall attend any and all meetings, and 
perform other duties under sections 7706 to 
7706-2. 

The compensation shall be fixed at the time 
of his appointment by the same authority which 
appoints him. Minimum, $1,000.00. 4743. 

For the qualifications of county superintendent 
and district superintendent, see sections 4744-4 
to 4744-5. 


46 


SCHOOL EXAMINERS. 

1. State Board. 

2. County Board. 

3. City Board. 

Elections, Vacancies, Duties, and 
Compensation. 

State Board. 

There shall be a state board of school ex¬ 
aminers consisting of five competent persons, 
resident of the state, to be appointed by the su¬ 
perintendent of public instruction. Not more 
than three of them shall belong to the same 
political party. The term of office of such ex¬ 
aminers shall be five years. 7805, 0. L. V. 104. 

The term of one of the examiners shall expire 
on the thirty-first day of August each year. 

When a vacancy occurs in the board, whether 
from expiration of office, refusal to serve, or other 
cause, the superintendent of public instruction 
shall fill it by appointment for the full or unex¬ 
pired term, as the case demands. 7806, 0. L. V. 
104. 

The board thus constituted may issue three 
grades of life certificates, which shall be for differ¬ 
ent grades of school according to branches taught, 
and be valid in the schools specified therein. 
7807, O. L. V. 104. 

Each member of the board shall receive $5.00 
47 


LOCAL CIVICS. 


for each day he is necessarily in official service, 
and also his actual and necessary expenses, to be 
paid out of the state treasury on the order of the 
state auditor. All books, stationery, and blanks 
required by the board shall be furnished by the 
secretary of state. 7810, 0. L. V. 104. 

County Board . 

There shall be a county board of school ex¬ 
aminers for each county, consisting of the county 
superintendent, one district superintendent, and 
one other competent teacher, the latter two to 
be appointed by the county board of education. 
7811, 0. L. V. 104. 

When a vacancy occurs in the board, the 
county board of education promptly shall fill it 
by appointment for the full or unexpired term. 
7814, 0. L. V. 104. 

The term of office of such appointive school 
examiners shall be two years. 7813, 0. L. V. 104. 

County boards of school examiners may grant 
teachers’ certificates for one year and three years, 
which shall be valid in all villages and rural 
school districts of the county wherein they are 
issued. Not more than three one-year certifi¬ 
cates may be issued to any one person. Such 
three-year certificate may be renewed twice only 
on proof of successful teaching. 7821, 0. L. V. 
104. 

Each member of the county board of school 
examiners, except the clerk thereof, shall receive 
S 10.00 for each examination of fifty applicants or 
less; $14.00 for each examination of more than 
fifty applicants and less than one hundred; 

48 


SCHOOL EXAMINERS. 


$18.00 for each examination of one hundred ap¬ 
plicants and less than one hundred and fifty; 
$20.00 for each examination of one hundred and 
fifty applicants and less than two hundred, and 
$4.00 for each additional fifty applicants, or frac¬ 
tion thereof, to be paid out of the county treasury 
on the order of the county auditor. Books, 
blanks, and stationery shall be furnished by the 
county board of education. 7834, O. L. V. 104. 

City Board. 

There shall be a city board of school exam¬ 
iners for each city school district. Such board 
shall consist of the city superintendent of schools 
and two other competent teachers serving full 
time in the day schools of such city, to be ap¬ 
pointed by the city board of education. The 
term of office of each (appointed) examiner shall 
be two years. 7838, O. L. V. 104. 

When a vacancy occurs in the board of city 
examiners the city board of education shall fill it 
by appointment for the full or unexpired term, as 
the case demands. 7839, O. L. V. 104. 

The city board of school examiners may grant 
teachers’ certificates for one year and three years 
from the first day of September following the ex¬ 
amination, which shall be valid within the dis¬ 
trict wherein they are granted. 7845, O. L. V. 104. 


49 


OHIO. 


Ohio was admitted into the Union in 1803, 
forming the seventeenth state. 

This work has to deal only with the present 
government of the state. We therefore refer 
those interested in its settlement and history to 
Howe’s “Historical Collections of Ohio.” 

The Ordinance of 1787 provided for the gov¬ 
ernment of the Northwestern Territory, out of 
which five states were formed, Ohio being the one 
in the southeastern portion, and bordering on the 
Ohio River, from which it derives its name. This 
is the name given by the Iroquois Indians to the 
river, and means beautiful, or the beautiful river. 
The French called it la belle riviere. 

Ohio now has eighty-eight counties. 

Flag. 

The flag of the state is pennant-shaped. 

It has three red and two white horizontal 
stripes. The union of the flag is seventeen five- 
pointed stars, white, in a blue triangular field. 
The base is the staff end or vertical edge of the 
flag, and the apex is the center of the middle red 
stripe. 

Emblem (Flower). 

The scarlet carnation is the state flower of 
Ohio, adopted as a token of love and reverence 
for the memory of William McKinley. 

50 


OHIO. 


Coat-of-Arms. 

The coat-of-arms of the State of Ohio is a 
shield in the form of a circle. In it, in the fore¬ 
ground, on the right, a sheaf of wheat; on the left, 
a bundle of seventeen arrows, both standing erect; 
in the background and rising above the sheaf of 
wheat and arrows, a mountain range, over which 
appears a rising sun. 

Seal. 

All the official seals shall have engraved 
thereon the coat-of-arms of the state. 

The great seal of the state and the seal of the 
supreme court shall each be two and one-half 
inches in diameter. 

The seal of the secretary of state shall be two 
and one-fourth inches in diameter. 

The seal of a notary public shall not be less 
than one and one-fourth inches in diameter. 

All other seals shall be one and three-fourths 
inches in diameter. 

The respective seals shall be surrounded by 
the following words, according to use of seal: 

1. “The Great Seal of the State of Ohio.” 

2. “The Supreme Court of the State of Ohio.” 

3. “Court of Appeals,-County, Ohio.” 

4. “Common Pleas Court,-County, 

Ohio.” 

5. “Probate Court,-County, Ohio.” 

(Insert the name of proper county.) 

6. All other court seals shall be surrounded 
by the proper name thereof. 

7. “The Seal of the Secretary of State of 
Ohio.” 


51 





LOCAL CIVICS. 

8. “The Seal of the Treasurer of State of 
Ohio.” 

9. “The Public Utilities Commission of 
Ohio.” 

10. “The Superintendent of Banks of the 
State of Ohio.” 

11. The seal of each benevolent institution 
shall be surrounded by the proper name thereof. 

12. The seals of all other state, county, and 
municipal officers shall be surrounded by the 
proper name of the officer. 

13. “Notarial Seal, -County, Ohio.” 

(Insert county.) 

Where a seal is required, it must be affixed to 
make the document valid. 

State Government. 

There are three departments of state govern¬ 
ment, viz.: Legislative, Executive, and Judicial. 

Legislative Department. 

The legislative department, known as the 
General Assembly, consists of the Senate and 
House of Representatives. The members of both 
branches of the General Assembly are elected at 
the regular election on the first Tuesday after the 
first Monday in the even numbered years. They 
are elected for two years, and their term of office 
begins on the first day of January next following 
their election. 

State Senators and Senatorial Districts. 

The senatorial ratio is the whole population 
of the state divided by thirty-five. 

There are thirty-four senatorial districts in the 
52 



OHIO. 


state, and at present thirty-three senators. The 
districts vary as to the number of counties form¬ 
ing same. Cuyahoga, Hamilton, and Lucas each 
form a district. The other districts consist of 
two or more counties. In order that a district 
may have a senator its population must equal or 
exceed the “senatorial ratio.” If a district does 
not contain the “senatorial ratio,” two districts 
may be joined together to have a senator. 

After each federal census is taken, a new ap¬ 
portionment of senators and representatives is 
made by the governor, state auditor, and sec¬ 
retary of state. 

State Representatives and Representative 
Districts. 

(See Ante, Page 30.) 

Any county containing one and three-fourths 
the “representative ratio” is entitled to two rep¬ 
resentatives; two and three-fourths the “ratio,” to 
three representatives, and so on. At present there 
are one hundred twenty-three representatives. 

General Assembly. 

Organization. 33-34. 

The chief clerk, journal clerk, message clerk, 
sergeant-at-arms, and second assistant sergeant- 
at-arms of each house of the general assembly 
shall be present and assist in the organization of 
the next succeeding general assembly. For the 
purpose of organizing the senate and house of 
representatives of the general assembly, a cer¬ 
tificate of election from the board of deputy state 
supervisors of elections of the proper county shall 
53 


LOCAL CIVICS. 


be prima facie evidence of the right to member¬ 
ship of the person therein certified to be elected 
senator or representative. 

Organization of Senate. 35. 

At ten o’clock, forenoon, of the day for the 
beginning of a regular session of the general as¬ 
sembly the president of the senate or, in case of 
his absence or inability, the oldest senator-elect 
present, shall take the chair, call the senators- 
elect to order, and appoint one of them clerk pro 
tempore. The senatorial districts shall be called 
in their numerical order by the chairman, and as 
they are called the persons claiming to be senators- 
elect therefrom shall present their certificates and 
take the oath of office. 

Officers of the Senate. 36. 

If there is a quorum present after the sen- 
ators-elect have taken the oath of office, the 
senate shall proceed to the election of a president 
pro tempore, a clerk, and five assistant clerks, 
viz.: a journal clerk, message clerk, engrossing 
clerk, enrolling clerk and a recording clerk, a ser¬ 
geant-at-arms, first assistant sergeant-at-arms, 
and a second assistant sergeant-at-arms. The 
election shall be in the order herein stated and 
by viva voce vote. 

Organization of the House. 37. 

On the day appointed for the beginning of the 
regular session of the general assembly, at ten 
o’clock, forenoon, the secretary of state, or in 
case of his absence or inability, the auditor of 
state shall take the chair in the hall of the house 
54 


OHIO. 


of representatives, call to order the representa- 
tives-elect, and appoint one of them clerk pro 
tempore. He also shall call the counties in al¬ 
phabetical order, and as they are called the rep- 
resentatives-elect therefrom shall present their 
certificates and take the oath of office. 

Officers of the House. 38. 

If, after the representatives-elect have taken 
the oath of office, a quorum is present, the house 
shall proceed to the election of a speaker, a 
speaker pro tempore, a clerk, five assistant clerks, 
viz.: a journal clerk, message clerk, engrossing 
clerk, enrolling clerk, and a recording clerk; a 
sergeant-at-arms, first assistant sergeant-at-arms, 
second assistant sergeant-at-arms, and a third 
assistant sergeant-at-arms. The election shall be 
in the order stated and by viva voce vote. 

A majority of the votes given at an election 
for an officer of either house shall be necessary to 
elect. If a choice is not made on or before the 
tenth voting, the person thereafter receiving the 
highest number of votes shall be declared elected. 

Pages. 44. 

The president of the senate shall appoint 
three pages, and the speaker of the house of rep¬ 
resentatives five pages, who shall serve during 
the sessions of the general assembly, unless sooner 
dismissed for cause by the officer appointing them 
or by the house for which they were appointed. 

Duties. 

It shall be the duty of the general assembly 
to make, amend, and repeal the laws of the state. 

55 


LOCAL CIVICS. 


Salaries. 50. 

Each member of the general assembly shall 
receive as compensation a salary of $1,000.00 a 
year, which shall be paid in monthly installments 
of not to exceed $200.00 during the year; but in 
any year in which a session of the general assembly 
is held, the balance of the salary for such year 
shall be paid at the end of the session. 

Each member shall receive two cents per mile 
each way for mileage once a week during the 
session from and to his place of residence, by the 
most direct route of public travel to and from the 
seat of government, to be paid at the end of each 
regular or special session. 

If a member is absent without leave, or is not 
excused on his return, there shall be taken from 
his compensation $10.00 for each day’s absence. 

Vacancies. 

Senators and Representatives. 4829. 

When a vacancy in office of representative to 
congress or senator or representative to the gen¬ 
eral assembly occurs, the governor, upon satis¬ 
factory information thereof, shall issue a writ of 
election directing that a special election be held 
to fill such vacancy in the territory entitled to fill 
it on a day specified in the writ. Such writ shall 
be directed to the sheriff or sheriffs within such 
territory, who shall give notice of the time and 
places of holding such election as in other cases. 
Such elections shall be conducted and returns 
made as in regular elections. 


56 


OHIO. 


Officers of Senate and House. 

If a vacancy occurs in the offices of the senate 
or house, it shall be filled by the respective body 
in which such vacancy exists. 

Appointive Officers. 

Vacancies in the appointive offices shall be 
filled by the authority having original power to 
appoint. 

Duties. 

For the duties of chief clerk, journal clerk, 
message clerk, sergeant-at-arms, and the second 
assistant sergeant-at-arms, see page 53. 

Compensation. 51. 

The clerks and sergeants-at-arms of the senate 
and house of representatives, and their assistants, 
each shall be paid $5.00 for each day’s attendance 
during the session. 

For services rendered at the organization of 
the general assembly each of the officers named 
under section 33, unless re-elected to his position, 
shall be paid $5.00 for each day for not exceeding 
ten days. 

The clerks and sergeants-at-arms of the house 
and senate each shall be paid $5.00 per day for 
the time after adjournment of the general as¬ 
sembly, in the performance of the duties required 
of them. 

Pages. 56. 

The compensation of pages and other em¬ 
ployes of either house shall be fixed by resolution 
57 


LOCAL CIVICS. 


of such house and not changed during the term , 
for which fixed. 

Executive Department. 

The executive department of the state gov¬ 
ernment shall consist of two classes of officers, 
to-wit: Elective state officers and appointive 
state officers. 

Elective Officers. 

1. Governor. 77-154 

2. Lieutenant Governor.2248-4826 

3. Secretary.235-295, 155-234 

4. Auditor. 235-295 

5. Treasurer. 296-330 

6. Attorney General. 331-351 

7. Commissioners of the Sinking Fund 

(Auditor of State, Secretary of 
State, Attorney General). 382-403 

Appointive State Officers. 

1. Public Utilities Commission. 487- 551 

2. Superintendent of Insurance. . . . 615- 709 

3. Superintendent of Banks. 710-744 

4. Supervisor of Public Printing. . . 745- 787 

5. Board of Library Commissioners. 788- 798 

6. Geologist. 799- 810 

7. Commissioner of Soldiers’ 

Claims. 811-819 

8. Fire Marshal. 820- 843 

9. Inspector of Oils. 844- 871 

10. Highway Commissioner. 1178-1231 

11. Board of Health. 1232-1261 

12. Medical Board. 1262-1295 

13. Board of Pharmacy. 1296-1313 

58 



















OHIO. 


14. 

15. 

16. 

17. 

18. 

19. 

20 . 
21 . 

22 . 

23. 

24. 


Dental Board. 1314-1334 

Board of Embalming Examiners. 1335-1348 

Board of State Charities. 1349-1359 

Blind Commission. 1360-1369 

Board of Accountancy. 1370-1379 

Board of Uniform State Laws. . 1380-1386 

Tax Commission.1465-1 to 1465-36 

Liability Board of Awards, 

1465-37 to 1465-81 


Superintendent of Public In¬ 
struction. 352- 367 

Board of Public Works. 368- 381 

Industrial Commission.871-1 to 871-45 


When the industrial commission was created 
it superseded the state liability board of awards, 
abolished the departments of commissioner of 
labor statistics, chief inspector of mines, chief in¬ 
spector of workshops and factories, chief examiner 
of engineers, board of boiler rules, and state board 
of arbitration and conciliation, merged certain 
powers and duties of said departments to said 
industrial commission of Ohio, and granted such 
commission certain other powers, as found in Vol. 
103, p. 95-109, laws of Ohio. 

The governor appointed three members, one 
for two years, one for four years, and one for six 
years; thereafter each member shall be appointed 
for six years. Salary for each, $5,000.00. 

Agricultural Commission of Ohio. 1079, O. L. V. 

106, p. 144. 

There shall be a board of agriculture of Ohio 
and by that name the board may sue and be sued. 

59 










LOCAL CIVICS. 


The board of agriculture shall consist of ten 
members to be appointed by the governor with 
the advice and consent of the senate, two to serve 
for one year, two for two years, two for three 
years, two for four years, and two for five years. 

Vacancies shall be filled in the same manner 
for unexpired terms. 

Not more than five of the members of the 
board shall be at any time members of the same 
political party, and not fewer than six such mem¬ 
bers shall be practical farmers. 

Each member of this commission shall serve 
without compensation, but he shall be paid his 
necessary expenses. 

The board of agriculture is authorized to elect 
a secretary, who shall be the chief executive officer 
of the board. The annual salary of the secretary 
of the board shall be $4,000. 

For powers of the board of agriculture see 
1089, 0. L. V. 106. 

Executive Officers. 

Election of State Officers. 77, 155, 296, 331. 

The governor, lieutenant governor, secretary 
of state, treasurer, and attorney general shall 
each be elected biennially, at the regular election 
in the even-numbered years, by the electors of 
the state, and shall hold their offices for a period 
of two years and until their successors are elected 
and qualified. Their terms of office commence 
on the second Monday of January next after their 
election. 


60 


OHIO. 


Auditor. 

235. 

The auditor of state shall be elected quad¬ 
rennially, and shall hold his office for a term of 
four years and until his successor is elected and 
qualified. The term of office of the auditor of 
state shall commence on the second Monday of 
January next after his election. 

Commissioners of the Sinking Fund. 

This board of commissioners shall consist of 
the auditor of state, secretary of state, and at¬ 
torney general. The auditor of state shall be 
president, and the secretary of state shall be sec¬ 
retary. The board may appoint a clerk at an 
annual salary not exceeding $1,200.00, which 
shall be paid from the sinking fund. 

Duties, Vacancies, and Compensation. 
Governor. 

The governor is the chief executive of the 
state. It is his duty to see that the laws are en¬ 
forced, and, if necessary, he may call out the 
militia for that purpose. 

In case of the death, resignation, impeach¬ 
ment, or removal of the governor, the lieutenant 
governor succeeds him in office. 

The governor’s salary shall be $10,000.00. 

For Compensation and Salaries of State 
Officers, see 2248 to 2264. 

Lieutenant Governor. 

The lieutenant governor shall be president of 
the senate and perform the duties of the governor 
61 


LOCAL CIVICS. 

in case of his disability, death, or removal from 
office. 

Should a vacancy occur in an elective state 
office other than that of a member of the general 
assembly or of a governor, it shall be filled by ap¬ 
pointment by the governor until the difficulty is 
removed or a successor is elected and qualified. 

Such vacancies shall be filled by election at 
the first general election for the office that is 
vacant that occurs more than thirty days after 
the vacancy shall have occurred. The person 
elected shall fill the vacancy for the unexpired 
term. 141. 

The lieutenant governor’s salary shall be 
$1,500.00. 

The secretary of state, auditor, treasurer, and 
attorney-general shall receive $6,500.00 each. 

Secretary of State. 

The secretary of state has charge of and pub¬ 
lishes the state laws; he collects and publishes 
state statistics; he is state supervisor of elections; 
he issues certificates of incorporation, and per¬ 
forms other duties. 157, 160-162. 

For the filling of vacancy in office of secretary 
of state, see under lieutenant governor. 

The salary of the secretary of state is given 
under lieutenant governor. 

Auditor of State. 

The auditor of state is the bookkeeper of the 
state. He ascertains the amount of money due 
the state from the counties, and makes settle¬ 
ments with the county treasurers. He has charge 
62 


OHIO. 


of the bureau of accounting. By virtue of his 
office, he is a member of the various official 
boards and commissions. 237-295. 

For vacancy and salary for auditor of state, 
see under lieutenant governor. 

State Treasurer. 

The state treasurer has the custody of all 
money belonging to the state. He can pay out 
money only on warrants issued by the auditor, 
and there must be existing law for such pay¬ 
ments. 302. 

For the method of filling vacancy and for the 
amount of salary in treasurer’s office, see lieuten¬ 
ant governor. 

A ttorney-General. 

The attorney-general is the legal adviser of 
the executive officers of the state, of the members 
of the general assembly, and of the prosecuting 
attorneys of all the counties. He serves as counsel 
for the state in civil and criminal cases. 341-343. 

Appointive State Officers. 

(For sections, see p. 58.) 

1. Appointment Public Utilities Commission. 

This commission shall consist of three mem¬ 
bers appointed by the governor. 

He at first appointed the three to serve re¬ 
spectively two, three, and six years, after which 
he appoints one member biennially to serve six 
years. 


63 


LOCAL CIVICS. 


2. Superintendent of Insurance. 

The governor, with the advice and consent of 
the senate, shall appoint a superintendent of in¬ 
surance, who shall serve for a term of three years, 
and have an office at the state capitol. No per¬ 
son shall be appointed to such office who has any 
official connection with an insurance company, 
owns any stock therein, or is interested in the 
business thereof, except a holder of a policy. 

3. Superintendent of Banks. 

With the advice and consent of the senate, 
the governor shall appoint a superintendent of 
banks, who shall hold his office for the term of 
four years and until his successor is appointed and 
qualified. He may be removed by the governor 
at any time. 

4. Superintendent of Public Printing. 

The secretary of state, auditor of state, and 
attorney-general, by virtue of their offices, shall 
be commissioners of public printing. 

5. Board of Library Commissioners. 

This state board shall consist of three mem¬ 
bers. The governor, biennially, with the advice 
and consent of the senate, shall appoint one 
commissioner for the term of six years. 

6. Geologist . 

The governor may appoint a geologist, who 
shall serve for a term of three years, unless he is 
removed for cause. 


64 


OHIO. 


7. Commissioner of Soldiers ’ Claims. 

The commissioner of soldiers’ claims shall be 
appointed by the governor, with the advice and 
consent of the senate. 

He shall hold his office for a term of two years 
and until his successor is appointed and qualified. 

8. Fire Marshal. 

With the advice and consent of the senate 
the governor shall appoint a state fire marshal, 
who shall hold his office for a term of two years 
and until his successor is appointed and qualified. 

He shall have his principal office in the city 
of Columbus. 

9. Inspector of Oils. 

The state inspector of oils shall be appointed 
by the governor, with the consent of the senate. 
He shall hold his office for the term of two years 
from the fifteenth day of May of each even- 
numbered year, and until his successor is ap¬ 
pointed and qualified. No person interested in 
the manufacturing, dealing in, or vending illumi¬ 
nating oil or a product of petroleum shall be 
eligible to appointment. 

10. Highway Commissioner. 

The state highway department shall consist 
of three bureaus, to be known as the bureau of 
construction, the bureau of maintenance and re¬ 
pair, and the bureau of bridges. The governor, 
with the advice and consent of the senate, shall 
appoint a state highway commissioner, who shall 
serve for the term of four years. He shall be a 
65 


LOCAL CIVICS. 


competent civil engineer and experienced in the 
construction, improvement, maintenance, and re¬ 
pair of roads and bridges, and devote his whole 
time and attention to the duties of his office. 

11. Board of Health. 

The state board of health shall consist of 
eight members, seven of whom shall be appointed 
by the governor, with the advice and consent of 
the senate. 

Each year he shall appoint one member of 
the board, who shall serve for a term of seven 
years from the thirteenth day of December. 

The attorney-general shall be ex-officio a mem¬ 
ber of the board. 

12. State Medical Board. 

The state medical board shall consist of seven 
members appointed by the governor, with the 
advice and consent of the senate. The members 
of this board shall be physicians in good standing 
in their profession. One member shall be ap¬ 
pointed each year and shall serve for the term of 
seven years. 

Schools of practice shall be given representa¬ 
tion on the board as nearly as possible in propor¬ 
tion to their numerical strength in the state, but 
no school shall have a majority on the board. 

13. Board of Pharmacy. 

There shall be a state board of pharmacy, 
consisting of five members, who shall be ap¬ 
pointed by the governor, with the consent of the 
senate. 

The Ohio Pharmaceutical Association may 

66 


OHIO. 


annually submit to the governor the names of 
five registered pharmacists, and from these names, 
or others, at his discretion, the governor each 
year shall appoint one member of the board for 
a term of five years and until his successor is 
appointed and qualified. 

14 . State Dental Board. 

The members of this board shall be five in 
number, each of whom shall have been in the 
legal practice of dentistry in the state at least 
five years next preceding his appointment. 

The governor, with the advice and consent of 
the senate, shall appoint one member each year, 
who shall serve for a term of five years and until 
his successor is appointed and qualified. 

No person so appointed shall be an officer of 
a dental college or a member of the faculty thereof, 
or serve for more than two terms. 

15 . Board of Embalming Examiners. 

The state board of embalming examiners shall 
consist of the president and secretary of the state 
board of health and three persons appointed by 
the governor. The persons so appointed shall be 
practical embalmers, with at least five years’ ex¬ 
perience in the practice of embalming and the 
preparation and disposal of the dead in this state. 

16 . Board of State Charities. 

The board of state charities shall consist of 
nine members, eight of whom shall be appointed 
by the governor. Of the members so appointed 
not more than four shall be of the same political 
party or belief. 


67 


LOCAL CIVICS. 


The governor shall be ex-officio a member of 
the board, and each year shall appoint two mem« 
bers of the board, each of whom shall serve for a 
term of four years. 

17 . Ohio Commission for the Blind. 

There shall be a state board to be known as 
the Ohio commission for the blind, consisting of 
six members, one of whom shall be the superin¬ 
tendent of the state school for the blind and five 
shall be appointed by the governor. Each year 
the governor shall appoint a member of the com¬ 
mission, who shall hold office for a term of five 
years. 

18 . State Board of Accountancy. 

There shall be a state board of accountancy 
consisting of three members, not more than two 
of whom shall belong to the same political party. 
Each member of the board shall be a person skilled 
in the knowledge and practice of accounting and 
actively engaged as a professional public ac¬ 
countant within this state. 

19 . Board of Uniform State Laws. 

This board of uniform state laws shall consist 
of three competent persons to be appointed by 
the governor. Each year one commissioner shall 
be appointed, who shall hold his office for a term 
of three years. The governor may remove any 
one or all of the commissioners for cause, and he 
may fill any vacancy by appointment for the 
unexpired term. 


68 


OHIO. 


20 . Tax Commission. 

The tax commission shall consist of three 
members. The governor shall have the power to 
appoint the members of the tax commission, one 
member to be appointed biennially for a term of 
six years from the second Monday of February 
following his appointment, which appointment 
must be made between the first day and second 
Monday of February. 

21 . Liability Board of Awards. 

The liability board of awards is composed of 
three members, not more than two of whom shall 
belong to the same political party. The members 
of this board were appointed by the governor 
within thirty days after the passage of the act 
creating the board, one of which members was 
appointed for the term of two years, one for four 
years, and one for six years, and thereafter as 
their terms expire the governor shall appoint one 
member for the term of six years. 

22 . Superintendent of Public Instruction. 

The superintendent of public instruction 
shall be appointed by the governor. He shall 
hold his office for a term of four years, and until 
his successor is appointed and qualified, such 
term commencing on the second Monday of July. 

23 . Board of Public Works. 

The superintendent of public works of Ohio 
shall be a practical civil engineer, and shall be ap¬ 
pointed by the governor, and shall hold his office 
for a term of one year from date of appointment 
and until his successor is duly qualified. 

69 


LOCAL CIVICS. 


24 . Industrial Commission. 

The industrial commission of Ohio is composed 
of three members, appointed by the governor. 
At first three members were appointed, one for a 
term of two years, another for a term of four 
years, and the third for a term of six years. 
Thereafter each member shall be appointed for a 
term of six years. (See Number 24 on page 59.) 

25 . Agricultural Commission of Ohio. (See 

Page 59.) 

Duties and Salaries. 

Appointive State Officers. 

The respective duties of the appointive 
officers are indicated in a general way by the title 
of the office which they hold. Should it be de¬ 
sired to obtain a more detailed account of said 
duties, it may be done by referring to the notated 
sections of the Ohio General Code, to-wit: 


1 . 

2 . 

3. 


4. 


5. 


6 . 


7 . 


OFFICERS. SECTIONS. 

Public Utilities Commission.487-551-6 

Salary.$4,500 00 

Superintendent of Insurance. 615-709 

Salary.$4,500 00 

Superintendent of Banks. 710-744 

Salary.$5,000 00 

Board of Public Printing. 745-787 

Salary (Supervisor) $2,000 00 

Board of Library Commission. 788-798 

Salary (Librarian) $3,000 00 

Geologist . 799-810 

Salary. $200 00 per Mo. 

Commissioner of Soldiers’ Claims_ 811-819 

Salary.$2,500 00 

70 













OHIO. 


8. Fire Marshal. 820-843 

Salary. 3,000 00 

9. Inspector of Oils. 844-871 

Salary. 3,500 00 

10. Highway Commissioner. 1178-1231 

Salary, Trav. Ex. &. 4,000 00 

11. Board of Health... 1232-1265 

Trav. Exp. and.... 4 00 per day 

12. Medical Board. 1262-1295 

Expenses and. 10 00 “ “ 

13. Board of Pharmacy. 1296-1313 

Expenses and. 5 00 “ “ 

14. Dental Board. 1314-1334 

Expenses and. 10 00 “ “ 

15. Board of Embalming Examiners. 1338-1348 

Expenses and. 10 00 “ “ 

16. Board of State Charities. 1349-1359 

Salary (Secretary).. 2,500 00 

17. Blind Commission. 1360-1369 

Traveling Expenses. 

18. Board of Accountancy. 1370-1379 

Salary not to exceed 5 00 “ “ 

and expenses. 

19. Board of Uniform State Laws. 1380-1386 

Exp. not to exceed.. 75 00 each 

20. Tax Commission.1465-1465-36 

Salary. 4,000 00 “ 

21. Liability Board of Awards.1465-37 to 1465-81 

Salary. 5,000 00 “ 

22. Superintendent of Public Instruction.... 352-367 

Salary. 4,000 00 

23. Superintendent of Public Works, Vol. 103. 404-486 

Salary. 4,000 00 

24. Industrial Commission.871-1 to 871-45 

Salary. 5,000 00 each 

25. Agricultural Commission of Ohio, 1079, O. L. V. p.201 

Salary (Secretary) $4,000. 1087, O. L. V. 106. 

Judicial Department 

1. Supreme Court. 1466-1499 

2. Clerk of Supreme Court. 1500-1513 

3. Court of Appeals (O. L. V., p. 

441-414. 1514-1531 


71 





























LOCAL CIVICS. 


4. Court of Common Pleas..... 1532-1558 

5. Superior Court of Cincinnati. 1559-1579 

6. Municipal Court of Cleveland 

(O. L. V. 103, p. 682). 1579-26 to 1579-54 

7. Municipal Court of Dayton 

(O. L. V. 103, p. 385). 1579-46 to 1579-87 

8. Municipal Court of Columbus 

(O. L. V. 103, p. 292). 1558-46 to 1558-93 

9. Municipal Court of the City of 

Hamilton. 1579-90 to 1579-126 

10. Municipal Court of Youngs¬ 

town. 1579-127 to 1579-182 

11. Municipal Court of Cincinnati. 1558-1 to 1558-45 

12. Probate Court. 1580 to 1683 

13. Court of Insolvency. 1605 to 1638 

14. Juvenile Court. 1639 to 1683 

15. Attorneys-at-Law. 1698 to 1711 

16. Justice of the Peace . 1712 to 1806 


United States. 

SENATORS. 

Each state of the Union is entitled to two 
senators in the United States Congress. 

Election. 4828-2, O. L. V. 104, p. 8. 

On the first Tuesday after the first Monday 
in November, 1914, and every sixth year there¬ 
after, and on the first Tuesday after the first 
Monday in November, 1916, and every sixth 
year thereafter, the electors of the state shall 
vote for a member of the senate of the United 
States each for the term commencing on the 4th 
day of March next succeeding his election. 

Vacancy. 

When a vacancy occurs in the representation 
of this state in the senate of the United States, 
72 













OHIO. 


by death, resignation, or otherwise, the same 
shall be filled by the governor appointing some 
suitable person having the necessary qualifications 
for senator, which appointee shall hold office 
until the fifteenth day of December next succeed¬ 
ing the next election of state officers which occurs 
more than 180 days after such vacancy happens. 
At such next election of state officers a special 
election to fill such vacancy shall be held. 

Representatives. 

Ohio is entitled to twenty-two representatives 
in the house of the United States Congress, 
chosen by the electors of the congressional dis¬ 
tricts of the state every second year, on the first 
Tuesday after the first Monday in November. 

Vacancy. 

When a vacancy occurs in the representation 
of this state in the house of representatives of 
the United States, the governor shall issue a 
writ to hold a special election in that district to 
fill such vacancy. 

Judicial Department. 

Election, Vacancies, Duties, and 
Compensation. 

1 . Supreme Court. 

The supreme court shall consist of a chief 
justice and six judges. 

A chief justice shall be elected every six years, 
beginning in 1914, to hold his office for a term of 
73 


LOCAL CIVICS. 


six years, commencing on the first day of Jan¬ 
uary next after his election. 1466-1499. 

Vacancies occurring in the office of chief jus¬ 
tice shall be filled in the manner prescribed for 
the filling of vacancies in the office of judge of 
the supreme court. 

For jurisdiction, see 1475, O. L. V. 103. 

The salaries of the chief justice and judges 
shall be as follows: 

Chief Justice, $7,000.00. 

Judges of Supreme Court, each $6,500.00. 

2 . Clerk of Supreme Court. 

The supreme court shall appoint a clerk of 
said court, who shall hold his office until removed 
by such court. 

In case of vacancy, the supreme court shall 
appoint his successor. 

The clerk shall prepare the necessary dockets, 
attend the sessions, enter and record the orders, 
judgments, decrees, and proceedings of the su¬ 
preme court and supreme court commission, and 
issue necessary writs and process. 

The clerk of the supreme court shall receive 
a salary of $4,000.00. 

3 . Court of Appeals. 

The court of appeals shall consist of three 1 
judges in each district, one of whom shall be 
chosen every two years, and shall hold his office 
for six years, beginning on the ninth day of Feb¬ 
ruary next after his election. 

Vacancies in this court are filled as in the 
court of common pleas. 

74 


OHIO. 


The court of appeals shall have jurisdiction 
over cases given under section 1523. 

The salary shall be $6,000.00 each. 

4. Court of Common Pleas. 

There shall be a court of common pleas in 
each county of the state, held by one or more 
judges residing therein and elected by the electors 
thereof. Each judge shall hold office for six 
years, and his successor shall be elected at the 
election in the even-numbered years next preced¬ 
ing the expiration of his term. Each judge here¬ 
tofore elected shall, after the year 1914, serve as 
a judge of the common pleas court of the county 
of which he was a resident at the time of his 
election. For additional judges, see O. L. V. 103, 
p. 677. 

For vacancy, duties, and salary, see respect¬ 
ively pages 37,36, and 39, under “county officials.” 

5. Superior Court of Cincinnati. 

The superior court of Cincinnati shall con¬ 
tinue as now organized and consist of three 
judges. One judge of the superior court of Cin¬ 
cinnati shall be chosen biennially by the electors 
of said city on the first Tuesday after the first 
Monday of November of each odd-numbered 
year, and serve for a term of six years from the 
first day of January next following his election. 

In case of vacancy, the governor shall appoint 
for the unexpired term. 

For jurisdiction of this court, see section 1571. 

The salary of the superior Judge is $3,000.00, 
and, in excess of this $25.00 for each 1,000 pop- 
75 


LOCAL CIVICS. 

ulation, but the maximum shall not exceed 

$ 6 , 000 . 00 . 

6. Municipal Court of Cleveland . 

The municipal court of Cleveland shall con¬ 
sist of seven judges, one of whom shall be chief 
justice, and all of whom shall at the time of their 
election be qualified electors and residents of 
Cleveland, and shall have been admitted to the 
practice of law at least five years. 1579-2 to 
1579-54. 

Vacancies, except those of clerk, shall be 
filled by appointment by the governor until a 
successor is elected and qualified, which must be 
at the next election, if more than thirty days 
after the vacancy occurs. 

For jurisdiction of this court, see section 
1579-6, O. L. V. 103, p. 683. 

The judges shall receive not less than $2,500.00 
each from the county commissioners, and not less 
than $2,000.00 each from the treasury of the 
city of Cleveland. 

The chief justice, who shall be separately 
nominated and elected, shall receive not less than 
$2,500.00 from the treasury of Cuyahoga County, 
and not less than $2,500.00 from the treasury of 
Cleveland. 

7 . Municipal Court of Dayton. 

The municipal court of Dayton shall consist 
of three judges, one of whom shall be chief 
justice, and the police judge of Dayton at the time 
of creating the municipal court shall be first 
chief justice. The additional judges were elected 
for terms of four years, commencing on the first 


OHIO. 


of January, 1914. The chief justice shall be 
elected at the municipal election next preceding 
the expiration of his term. His election shall be 
for four years. 

Vacancies to be filled as in the police courts. 
For jurisdiction, see section 1579-51, 0. L. V. 
103, p. 386. 

Salary of judges not less than $3,500.00 each, 
and chief justice not less than $4,000.00, from 
county and city as prescribed. 

8. Municipal Court of Columbus. 

This court shall consist of four judges, one of 
whom shall be chosen annually by its members 
as presiding judge. 

Vacancies may be filled same as in common 
pleas courts. 

For jurisdiction, see section 1558-51, O. L. V. 
103, p. 292. 

The judges shall receive from the treasury of 
Franklin County not less than $1,000.00 each, 
and out of the treasury of Columbus not less than 
$2,500.00 each. Presiding judge $500.00 addi¬ 
tional from city. 

9. Municipal Court of the City of Hamilton , Ohio. 
This court shall be presided over by one judge, 

known as a Municipal Judge, and whose term of 
office shall be four years. 

Vacancies arising from any cause shall be 
filled as prescribed for filling vacancies in com¬ 
mon pleas court. 

For jurisdiction of this court, see 1579-92, 
O. L. V. 103, p. 345. 

The municipal judge of the municipal court 
of the city of Hamilton, Ohio, shall receive a 
77 


LOCAL CIVICS. 


salary of $2,000.00 per annum, payable in monthly 
installments out of the treasury of the city of 
Hamilton, Ohio. 

At the general election in 1913 a clerk was 
elected for a term of four years at a minimum 
salary of $1,200.00. 

For duties of clerk, see O. L. V. 103, p. 351. 

10. The Municipal Court of Youngstown , Ohio. 

There is established in and for the city of 
Youngstown and township of Youngstown, Ohio, 
a municipal court, which is a court of record, and 
is styled “The Municipal Court of Youngstown, 
Ohio.” 

This municipal court shall consist of two 
judges, one of whom shall be presiding judge, and 
such additional number of judges as the legis¬ 
lative authority of the city of Youngstown may 
determine. 

Biennially, on the fourth Monday of Novem¬ 
ber, at one o’clock in the afternoon of the odd- 
numbered years, the respective judges of the said 
municipal court shall meet and select: First, 
one of their number as presiding judge; Second, 
a clerk, a chief deputy clerk, a bailiff, and a chief 
deputy bailiff, who shall serve until their suc¬ 
cessors are appointed and qualified. 1579-127 to 
1579-182, O. L. V. 103. 

A vacancy in the office of the judge of the 
municipal court shall be filled by appointment of 
the governor, until a successor is elected and 
qualified, which shall be done at the next regular 
election, if vacancy occurs more than thirty days 
before said election. 


78 


OHIO. 

For jurisdiction of this court, see O. L. V. 
103, p. 355. 

Each judge of this court shall receive as a 
minimum salary as follows: From the treasury 
of Mahoning County, $600.00; from the treasury 
of Youngstown Township, $400.00; and from the 
treasury of the city of Youngstown, $2,000.00. 

Clerk, chief deputy clerk, deputy clerks, 
bailiff, chief deputy bailiff, deputy bailiff. 

(For appointment, see page 78.) 

Vacancies are filled by judges of municipal 
court for unexpired term. 

The salaries of the court officers are as follows: 


MIN FROM 

OFFICER. COUNTY. 

TWP. 

CITY. 

Clerk.$350 

$250 

$1200 

Chief Deputy Clerk. 

.... 

1200 

Deputy Clerk. 


600 

Bailiff. 350 

250 

1200 

Chief Deputy Bailiff. 


1200 

Deputy Bailiff. 


720 

11 . Municipal Court of Cincinnati. 



House Bill No. 25, O. L. V. 103, changed the 
name of the police court in Cincinnati to “The 
Municipal Court of Cincinnati.” 

There shall be five judges for the municipal 
court of Cincinnati, one of which shall be presid¬ 
ing judge, and the police judge, by the passage 
of the bill, creating the municipal court, shall be¬ 
come the first presiding judge. The bill provides 
that at the municipal election in 1913 four judges 
be elected, two for four, and two for two years. 
79 








LOCAL CIVICS. 


The successors shall be elected for a term of four 
years. 

The municipal court shall have the same juris¬ 
diction in criminal matters and prosecutions and 
violations of ordinances as heretofore had by the 
police court of Cincinnati, and in addition thereto 
shall have ordinary civil jurisdiction within the 
limits of said city of Cincinnati, as noted in Vol. 
103, pages 281, 282; Vol. 104, sections 1558-12 to 
1558-45; vol. 106, pages 481, 482. 

The presiding judge shall be separately nom¬ 
inated and elected. 

If the office of a judge of the municipal court 
of Cincinnati becomes vacant, the vacancy shall 
be filled by appointment by the governor for the 
unexpired term. 

The salary of a judge of the municipal court 
of Cincinnati shall be $4,000.00, of which $3,000.00 
shall be paid out of the treasury of the city of 
Cincinnati and $1,000.00 out of the treasury of 
Hamilton County. Presiding, $4,000.00 and 
$ 2 , 000 . 00 . 

12. Probate Court. 

A probate court is established in each county, 
which shall be held at the county seat. For the 
election, term, vacancies, duties, and salary of 
probate judge, see county officials, pages 30, 36, 
37. 

13. Court of Insolvency. 

There shall be established in Hamilton 
County a court of record, which shall be styled 
“The Court of Insolvency.” It shall consist of 
one judge, who shall be elected quadrennially 
by the electors of the county on the first Tuesday 
80 


OHIO. 


after the first Monday in November, and hold his 
office for a term of four years, commencing on 
the first day of January next after his election. 
1605. 

If the office of such judge becomes vacant 
before the expiration of the regular term for 
which he was elected, the governor shall fill the 
vacancy by appointing until a successor is elected 
and qualified. Such successor shall be chosen 
for the remainder of the term on the first Tuesday 
after the first Monday that occurs in an even- 
numbered year more than thirty days next after 
such vacancy shall have happened. G. C. 1606. 

The court of insolvency shall have original 
jurisdiction in cases, matters, and things relating 
to, and rising under, the laws now in force or 
hereafter enacted, regulating the mode of ad¬ 
ministering assignments in trust for the benefit 
of creditors and other matters same as probate 
judge. 1613. 

His salary shall be the same as the probate 
judge of the same county. 

14 . Juvenile Court. 

Courts of common pleas, probate courts, and 
insolvency courts and superior courts, where es¬ 
tablished, shall have and exercise, concurrently, 
the powers and jurisdiction conferred in this 
chapter. The judges of such courts in each county 
at such times as they determine shall designate 
one of their number to transact the business 
arising under such jurisdiction. 

The juvenile court is one in which the judge 
so designated presides. 1639, 0. L. V. 104, p. 176. 

81 


LOCAL CIVICS. 


The juvenile court shall have jurisdiction 
over, and with respect to, delinquent, neglected, 
and dependent minors under the age of eighteen 
years. 

Justice of the Peace. 

All justices of the peace shall be elected for a 
term of four years by the electors of the civil 
township. Election in odd-numbered years. 

If a vacancy occurs in the offices of the justice 
of the peace, the trustees shall appoint for the 
unexpired term. 10224. 

Justices of the peace within and coextensive 
with their respective counties shall have jurisdic¬ 
tion and authority: 

1. To administer an oath authorized or re¬ 
quired by law to be administered. 

2. To take the acknowledgments of deeds, 
mortgages, and other instruments of writing. 

3. To solemnize marriages. 

4. To issue subpoenas for witnesses and coerce 
their attendance in causes or matter wherein 
they are required to take depositions. 

5. Forcible entry and detention; exceptions 
as to Cuyahoga and Franklin Counties. To try 
the action of forcible entry and detention or the 
detention only of real property. 

6. To proceed against security for costs and 
bail for the stay of execution on their dockets. 

7. Attachments; exceptions as to Cuyahoga 
and Franklin Counties. To issue attachments 
and proceed against the goods and effects of 
debtors in certain cases. 

82 


OHIO. 

8. To issue executions on judgments rendered 
by them. 

9. To proceed against constables failing to 
make return, making false return, or failing to 
pay over money collected on execution issued by 
said justice. 

10. To try the right of the claimant to 
property taken in execution or attachment. 

11. To act in the absence of the probate 
judge in the trial of contested elections of justices 
of the peace. 

12. To try actions against other justices of 
the peace for refusing or neglecting to pay over 
moneys, etc. 10224. 

Compensation of the justice of the peace shall 


be specified fees. 




EXCEPTIONS. 




Clerk. 


In Cincinnati. 

.$2,500 

$750 

1747 

“ Cleveland. 

. 1,800 

900 

1751 

“ Columbus. 

. 1,500 

1,000 

1753, 1759 
1777, 1785 

“ Toledo. 

. 1,800 

1,500 

“ Youngstown Tp. 

. 1,200 

50 per month. 

“ Youngstown Tp. 

250 for rent and janitor. 


Attorney-at-Law . 

No person shall be permitted to practice as 
an attorney and counselor at law or to commence, 
conduct, or defend any action or proceeding in 
which he is not a party concerned, either by using 
or subscribing his own name or the name of 
another person, unless he has been admitted to 
the bar by order of the supreme court or two 
judges of the same. 1698, O. L. V. 103. 






LOCAL CIVICS. 


No person shall be excluded from acting as 
an attorney at law and practicing in the courts 
of this state on account of sex. 1669. 

No person shall practice as an attorney and 
counselor at law in any court of this state who 
does not reside in the state, or is not a citizen of 
the United States, or who is a sheriff, coroner, 
or deputy sheriff. No judge of any court of record 
in Ohio, while holding commission as such judge 
shall engage in the practice of law during his 
term of office. 1706. 

Nothing herein contained shall prevent a 
judge of any court of this state from finishing 
business undertaken in the United States circuit 
court of appeals or supreme court of the United 
States prior to his election as a judge. 

An alien who has declared his intention of be¬ 
coming a citizen of the United States may prac¬ 
tice as if he were a citizen. 

The supreme court, court of appeals, or court 
of common pleas may suspend or remove an at* 
torney for cause. 1707, O. L. V. 103. 


84 


COMPENDIUM OF LOCAL CIVICS 

SAYRS 


TOWNSHIP OFFICIALS 


Pages 

7-8 


1 . 

1 In what township do you reside? 2 How many townships in your 
county? 3 In or near what village or city do you live? 4 Name the 
township offices. 5 Which of these are elective? 6 Which are appointive? 
7 How many trustees in a township? 8 When and for what term are they elected? 
9 Who are the trustees of your township? 10 Are all elective township officers 
elected at the same time? 

2 . 


8-10 l What exception as to length of term? 2 Who is clerk of your town¬ 
ship? 3 When do township officers begin their terms? 4 Give the name 
of your township treasurer? 5 How many constables in your township? 6 Do all 
townships have the same number of constables? 7 Who occupy this office in your 
township? 8 Who determine the number of constables? 9 Who appoint deputy 
constables? 10 How many road superintendents has a township? 


3 . 

8-9 1 Who employ road superintendents? 2 Who may be road superintend¬ 

ents? 3 In what township may a ditch supervisor be elected? 4 How 
shall he be elected? When? How long shall he serve? 5 Of what do township 
trustees have charge? 6 How is a vacancy in the office of trustee filled? 8 To what 
pay is each trustee entitled? 9 From what are they paid? 10 What are the general 
duties of township clerk? 

4. 

9_10 1 How is a vacancy in office of township clerk filled? 2 What is the com¬ 

pensation of township clerk? 3 Name two duties of the treasurer? 
4 When may he pay out money from the treasury? 5 Who is the treasurer of your 
township? 6 Who fills vacancy in office of township treasurer? 7 What pay does 
he receive and upon whose order? 8 Give duties of constables as to civil and criminal 
cases. 9 How is vacancy in office of constable filled? 10 What is his general com¬ 
pensation? His special compensation? 

5. 

10-11 1 Under whose direction is the road superintendent? 2 What are his duties? 

3 Who provides him with necessary implements and material for the 
roads? 4 Whose duty is it to move obstructions from the roads? 5 Who fills vacancy 
in office of road superintendent? 6 How is he compensated? 7 May he receive 

E ay for the use of his own team when employed upon the roads of his district? 8 Can 
e employ a member of his own family to work in his district? 9 Name the road 
superintendents of your township? 10 Who is your ditch supervisor, if any? 

6 . 

11-12 1 What are the duties of ditch supervisor? 2 How is vacancy in such office 

filled? 3 What compensation does the ditch supervisor receive? 4 When 
is he allowed an assistant and what compensation does helper receive? 5 Who con¬ 
stitutes the board of health? 6 What officers shall they appoint? 7 Is it necessary 
for the health officer to be a medical doctor? 8 Who fixes the salary of these ap¬ 
pointed officers? 9 In what part of the township do they have jurisdiction? 10 De¬ 
fine quarantine. 


85 


7. 

12-14 1 What offices were abolished by House Bill 29? 2 To whom shall dis¬ 
trict assessors, district boards of assessors, and boards of complaints, 
respectively, turn over all books, papers, files, records, and furniture? 3 Who shall 
direct and supervise the assessment for taxation of all real and personal property of 
the State? 4 Who are the chief supervising assessing officers of the counties? 5 W hen 
shall the listing of all property for taxation be made? 6 W hat date shall govern the 
listing and valuation of property? 7 When shall assessors be elected? 8 How 
many? 9 Give the qualifications of an assessor. 10 What is his term of office? 

8 . 

14-15 1 What amount of bond must assessor give? 2 Who may appoint 

assistant assessors? 3 State size of their bond. 4 What compensation 
do assessors receive? 5 Who fixes the same? 6 Who appoints the county board of 
revision? 7 Give qualifications. 8 When shall they be appointed? 9 What com¬ 
pensation do they receive? 10 Give salary and power of board. 


MUNICIPAL CORPORATIONS 

9. 

16-18 l Name the two classes of municipal corporations. 2 What is a city? 

3 When does a village become a city? May a city become a village? 
How? 4 Name the offices of a city. Of the council. 5 In what is the legislative 
power of a city vested? 6 What two classes of councilmen has each city? 7 Do all 
cities have same number of councilmen? Explain your answer. 8 Can a councilman 
hold any other public office? Can he be interested in any contract for the city? 
9 How long shall councilmen serve? 10 How are vacancies filled? What restriction 
is placed upon salary of members of council? 

10 . 

18-21 l Who elects the president pro tem and clerk of the council in cities? 

2 For how long shall they serve? 3 What power has the city council 
in making contracts? 4 Who has power to divide a city into wards? 5 How are 
the salaries, compensation, and amount of bond of each officer, clerk, or employe of 
council to be fixed? 6 In whom is the chief executive power of city vested? 7 For 
how long is the mayor elected? When does his term commence? What appointments 
may he make? When must they be made? 8 When a vacancy occurs in the office 
of mayor, how filled? What compensation does the mayor receive? 9 What are 
the duties of the president of the council? When is he acting mayor? 10 When 
does he become mayor? Who then becomes president of the council? How are the 
vacancies thus caused filled? 

11 . 

21-23 1 By whom is the city auditor elected? For how long? When does his 
term begin? 2 Give the duties of the auditor? 3 Who furnishes his 
seal? Describe it. 4 How is vacancy in this office filled? 5 What compensation 
does the auditor receive? 6 For what term is the city treasurer elected? How are 
vacancies in this office filled? 7 What are the duties of treasurer? Give his compensa¬ 
tion. 8 For how long is the city solicitor elected? When does his term begin? What 
qualifications necessary? 9 Give the respective duties of the directors of public 
service and public safety. 10 By whom are they appointed? Who fixes their com¬ 
pensation? 

12 . 

24-25 1 Name the village officers. 2 How many members of village council? 

For what term are they elected? 3 How is the president pro tem elected? 
When? 4 What employes may council provide for village? How may such em- 

86 


ployes be removed? 5 What are the duties of the president pro tem? 6 When must 
contracts with the council be in writing? 7 What constitutes legal advertising for 
the letting of contracts? 8 When the office of president pro tem becomes vacant, 
who fills same? 9 May a member of the council hold any other public office? Ex¬ 
plain. 10 What compensation may a member of the village council receive? Can 
the city council employ legal counsel. 


13 . 

25-27 1 Tell of the election and term of office of mayor. 2 Give duties of 

mayor. In his absence from the village who is acting mayor? Who be¬ 
comes mayor in case of removal of mayor from office? 8 When may the governor 
remove the mayor from office? What compensation may the mayor receive? 4 For 
how long is village clerk elected? When does his term begin? 5 What are the 
general duties of village clerk? 6 Describe his seal. 7 How is vacancy in office of 
clerk filled? What is the salary of clerk? 8 When is the village treasurer elected? 
By whom and for what term? 9 What are his duties? Where does he keep the 
village funds? Does he choose the bank in which to deposit the village fundsr 10 
Who fills vacancy and who determines the compensation of treasurer? 

14 . 

27-28 \ Give date of election and term of office of marshal. 2 Who appoints 
the public safety officers of a village? By whose authority? 3 How 
may such officers be removed? 4 Give chief duties of village marshal. How is 
vacancy in this office filled? What compensation does the marshal receive? 5 Who 
appoints street commissioner? For what term? What provision is made for filling 
vacancy? 6 Can the village marshal serve as street commissioner? 7 Give the 
several duties of the commissioner. What is his compensation? 8 How may a 

K '"ce judge be chosen for a village? 9 Who may be appointed police judge? 10 
at must the council provide him? 


15 . 

CITIES 

27-28 I Q the study of a city, answer the following questions:—1 Give the names 
of members of council elected at large, or else name the member from 
your ward. 2 Name the mayor. 3 President of the council. 4 City auditor. 5 
City treasurer. 6 City solicitor. 7 Director of public service. 8 Director of public 
safety. 9 President pro tem of council. 10 Clerks of council. 

16 . 

VILLAGES 

27-28 1 Name the members of council. 2 The mayor. 3 Clerk. 4 Treasurer. 

5 Marshal. 6 Street commissioner. 7 Night police. 8 Police judge. 
9 Legal counsel. 10 Truant officer. 


17 . 

OPTIONAL PLANS OF GOVERNMENT FOR MUNICIPALITIES 

28a-28c 1 Name the three optional plans of government. 2 What elective 

officers are provided for under the commission plan? 3 How many 
commissioners? 4 Give an account of their election. 5 Give term of office. 6 How 
are vacancies filled? 7 Of what does the government consist under city manager 

f )lan? 8 What power has the council? 9 Give number of members of council, 
ength of term, and tell how vacancies are filled. 10 Describe the federal plan. 


87 


COUNTY OFFICIALS 
18 . 

29-33 1 When and for what term are county officials elected? 2 What fourteen 

officers elected by the direct vote of the electors of the county? 3 When 
do the following begin their terms of office: auditor, recorder, surveyor, and treasurer; 
county coroner, prosecuting attorney, and sheriff; clerk of court; probate judge; 
common pleas judge, and representative? 4 Give five duties of county commission¬ 
ers? 5 Give two methods of filling vacancy in office of commissioner. 6 Upon 
what is commissioner’s salary computed? What is its maximum? 7 Give five 
duties of county auditor. 8 If vacancy occurs in office of auditor, how is it filled? 
9 Name three duties of county treasurer. 10 On whose order can he pay out money? 

19 . 

33-35 1 How many sets of records must the recorder keep? 2 For what record 

is each set? 3 In what order must instruments be recorded? 4 What 
are the duties of county surveyor? 5 To w hom is he subject concerning the inspection 
of public improvements? 6 What shall the sheriff do with persons guilty of breach 
of peace? 7 What papers shall he serve? 8 Upon what courts snail he attend? 
9 When shall the coroner inquire into the cause of a person’s death? 10 What shall 
he do if he finds the death due to violence? 


20 . 

35- 36 1 If the person charged with the death of another, as found by coroner’s 

inquest, is not present what must the coroner do? 2 Give general duties 
of the clerk of the common pleas court. 3 What shall he do with all moneys coming 
into his hands as clerk? 4 What cases shall the prosecuting attorney prosecute? 
5 In what three courts shall he prosecute cases? 6 When shall he assist the attorney- 
general in the supreme court? 7 Of whom is the prosecuting attorney legal advisor? 
8 What may they require of him? 9 W’ho is the presiding officer of the common 
pleas court? 10 In what cases does common pleas court have original jurisdiction? 

21 . 

36- 39 I I n w hat cases does common pleas court have appellate jurisdiction? 

2 What jurisdiction has probate judge? 3 What are the general duties 
of county representative to the general assembly? 4 Who fills vacancies when they 
occur in the following county offices: treasurer, recorder, surveyor, sheriff, coroner, 
and clerk of the common pleas court? 5 If the county commissioners fail to appoint 
a clerk within ten days, who shall fill vacancy? 6 Wffio fills vacancy in office of 
prosecuting attorney? Probate and common pleas judge? 7 How is vacancy in 
office of county representative filled? 8 What two county officers are compensated 
by fees? 9 What three receive the same amount of salary based upon the population 
o£ the county? What is the salary? 10 Compare salaries of clerks, of recorder and 
sheriff. Give maximum salary of prosecuting attorney. Give salary of common pleas 
judge. 

22 . 


39 1 What provision is made to compensate deputies, assistants, clerks, etc., 

for the county offices? 2 Give county representative’s salary. 3 Who 
appoint the deputies, assistants, clerks, etc., of the county officials? 4 When and 
how much may the county representative’s salary be reduced? 5 Who are the com¬ 
missioners of your county? In what township does each reside? 6 Who is your 
county auditor, treasurer, and recorder? 7 Who is your county surveyor, sheriff, 
and coroner? 8 Who is your county clerk of courts, prosecuting attorney, and 
common pleas judge? 9 Who is your county probate judge? How many representa¬ 
tives from your county? Name them. 10 Who is judge of your juvenile court? 


88 


BOARDS OF EDUCATION 

23 . 

40-41 1 When shall the boards of education of city, village, and rural districts 

organize? 2 What three officers shall they elect? 3 Which one may or 
may not be a member of the board of education? 4 How long may the president 
and vice-president serve? 5 Who fixes the time of holding their regular meetings? 
6 How are vacancies in the organization filled? 7 Who is treasurer of the school 
funds in a city district? 8 Who is treasurer of school funds in village and rural 
districts where no legal depository is provided by law? 9 What can you say of 
treasurer where they have a depository? 10 What of the clerk? 


24. 

41-43 1 Name the four kinds of school districts. 2 What constitutes a city 
school district? A village district? A rural district? A county district? 
3 May a village district join a rural district? 4 How many members have city 
boards of education? 5 What is the term of office of member of city boards of educa¬ 
tion? When does his term begin? 6 How are vacancies in all boards of education 
filled? 7 How many members constitute the village boards of education? How are 
they elected? What is the length of term? 8 Of how many members is the board 
of education in rural districts composed? 9 What compensation does each member 
of said board receive? What exceptions? 10 Under whose control is the county 
district? 

25 . 

43-45 1 Of how many members does the county board consist? How are they 

elected? 2 What restrictions as to residence of members? 3 For what 
term are new members elected? 4 Name at least three duties of county board. 
5 What compensation do members of the county board of education receive? 6 Who 
appoints county superintendent? For what term? When does his term commence? 
7 How are vacancies in the office of county superintendent filled? 8 Give three 
duties of county superintendent. 9 What compensation shall he receive? 10 Who 
fixes his compensation? 

26. 

45-46 1 How many district superintendents in a county? How elected? Limit 

as to term? 2 How are vacancies filled? 3 Give five duties of district 
superintendent? 4 How is his compensation fixed? What limit? 5 Who is county 
superintendent in your county? 6 How many supervision districts in your county? 
Locate them. 7 Who are the district superintendents? 8 What schools, if any, in 
your county not under county supervision. 9 Who are the members of the county 
school board? 10 Name the superintendents of the schools in your county not under 
county supervision. 

27 . 

47-48 1 Name the three boards of school examiners. 2 How many members 
of the State board? By whom are they appointed? For what term? 

3 What political restriction as to appointment? When does their term expire? 

4 How are vacancies filled? 5 How many grades of certificates may this board 
issue? What are they? 6 Give compensation of members of board. 7 Who fur¬ 
nishes the books, stationery, and blanks required by the board? 8 Of whom does the 
county board of examiners consist? 9 How do they become members of board? 
10 How are vacancies filled? Give term of office. 


28 . 


48 1 W T hat kind of certificates may county boards issue? For how many 

years are such certificates valid? 2 What is said of the renewing of three 
year certificates? 3 Give compensation of members of board? 4 Who furnishes the 
books, stationery, and blanks required by the board? 5 Of what does the city board 


89 


of school examiners consist? What qualification is required? 6 Give term of office of 
appointed members? 7 How are vacancies in the board filled? What kind of cer¬ 
tificates can they grant? 8 Who are the members of the State board of school exam¬ 
iners? 9 if you reside in a city district, name the city board of school examiners. 
Do city boards receive any compensation for their work as examiners? 10 Name 
your county board of school examiners. 

OHIO 

29 . 

50-52 1 When was Ohio admitted into the Union? 2 From what does Ohio 
derive its name? 3 How many counties in Ohio? 4 Describe Ohio’s 
State flag. Why has it seventeen stars? 5 What is the State emblem (flower) of 
Ohio? 6 Describe the coat-of-arms of the State of Ohio. Why has it seventeen 
arrows? 7 What is engraved on all official seals in the State of Ohio? 8 What two 
seals are two and one-half inches in diameter? What one shall be two and one-fourth 
inches in diameter? What is the diameter of the seal of notary public? What shall 
be the diameter of all other seals? 9 What words surround the respective seals?. 
10 What are the three departments of State government? 

30 . 

52-55 1 By what name is the legislative department known? Of what does it 

consist? 2 When are the members of the General Assembly elected? 
For how long? When does their term of office begin? 3 What is the senatorial ratio? 
How many senatorial districts in Ohio? How many senators? 4 How many counties 
in a district? 5 Who makes the opportionment of senators and representatives? 
When? 6 Describe the organization of the general assembly. 7 When does the senate 
organize? 8 Describe its organization. 9 Give the titles of officers of the senate. 
Of the house. 10 How many pages in the senate? How many in the house? By 
whom are pages appointed? 

31 . 

55-61 1 Give the duties of general assembly. What is the salary of a member 

of the general assembly? 2 How are vacancies in the general assembly 
filled? 3 How are vacancies in the offices of senate or house filled? 4 By whom are 
vacancies in appointive offices filled? 5 Give duties and compensation of the officers 
ofthesenateandhou.se. Of pages. 6 Of what two kind of officers does the executive 
department consist? Name the elective officers. 8 Make a list of the principal ap¬ 
pointive officers. 9 Which officers are elected biennially? Which quadrennially? 
10 Who are the commissioners of the sinking fund? What is the salary of their clerk? 


32 . 

61-63 1 Who is the chief executive of the State? What are his duties? 2 Who 

succeeds the governor in case of a vacancy? 3 What is the governor’s 
salary? 4 Who is president of the senate? What are his duties? 5 How are vacancies 
in all elective State offices, other than member of the general assembly or governor, 
filled? 6 For what length of time are vacancies in elective offices filled by appoint¬ 
ment? 7 What is the salary of the lieutenant governor? 8 What is the salary of 
the secretary of state, auditor, treasurer, and attorney-general? 9 Give the duties 
of auditor of state. 10 Give the duties of state treasurer. 

33 . 

63-65 1 Give the duties of the attorney-general. 2 Of what does the public 

utilities commission consist? How selected? For how long shall each 
member be appointed? 3 What are the duties of superintendent of public instruction? 
How long does he serve? Who shall not be appointed? 4 How is superintendent of 
banks appointed? Give his duties. Term. 5 Who are the commissioners of public 
printing? How many members in the board of library commissioners? Give their 

90 


term. 7 For how long shall the geologist serve? 8 How long does commissioner of 
soldiers’ claims hold office? How appointed? 9 How are the following appointed: 
fire marshal, inspector of oils, and highway commissioner? 10 Who cannot be oil 
inspector? 

34. 

66-72 1 How many members of the State board of health? For how long does 
each member serve? 2 Of what does the State medical board consist? 
Give qualification of membership. 3 Of bow many members does the State board 
of pharmacy consist? Who, only, can serve on this board? 4 How many members 
constitute the State dental board? Give qualifications? Who cannot serve? 5 What 
constitutes the board of embalming examiners? What must be the qualifications of 
the three appointed members? 6 Of what does the board of charities consist? What 
restrictions as to members? How many members appointed? Who is other member? 
7 How many members on board Ohio commission for the blind? How many ap¬ 
pointed? Who is the other member? 8 Of what does the State board of accountancy 
consist? What restrictions for membership? 9 How many members on board of 
uniform State laws? On tax commission? Liability board of awards? 10 Who 
appoints superintendent of public instruction? For what term? Who is superintend¬ 
ent? Who may be superintendent of public works? How many members of the 
industrial commission? Discuss the duties and salaries of the appointive State 
officers? 

35. 

72-81 I How many United States senators from each State? How elected? 

When? For what term? How are vacancies filled? 2 To how many 
United States representatives is Ohio entitled? How chosen? How are vacancies 
filled? 3 How many judges in the supreme court of Ohio? For what term do they 
serve? How are vacancies filled? Give jurisdiction. Salaries. 4 Who appoints 
clerk of said court? Give duties and salary. 5 How many judges in court of appeals? 
Give jurisdiction and salaries. 6 How many courts of common .pleas, in Ohio? How 
are judges elected? 7 Of what does the superior court of Cincinnati consist? How 
are vacancies filled? Give jurisdiction and salaries. 8 Discuss the municipal court 
of Cleveland as to number of judges, term, vacancies, duties, jurisdiction, and salaries. 
9 Treat the following as in No. 8: Municipal court of Dayton, of Columbus, of 
Hamilton, of Youngstown, of Cincinnati. 10 Where is the court of insolvency? Of 
what does it consist? How are vacancies filled? Give jurisdiction. Salary. 

36. 

81-84 1 The judges of what courts designate the juvenile court? Which one is 

the juvenile court in your county? Who is the juvenile judge? The 
juvenile court officer? 2 What cases come before the juvenile court? 3 For what 
period are justices of the peace elected? Name a number of their common duties. 
4 How are vacancies in this office filled? What.compensation does justice receive? 
Give the exceptions. 5 What person may practice as an attorney, and counselor at 
law? May a woman be an attorney at law? 6 Who cannot practice as an attorney 
or counselor at law in this State? 7 How may an attorney at law be suspended or 
removed? 8 Who is Ohio’s governor, lieutenant governor, secretary, auditor, treas¬ 
urer, and attorney-general? 9 Name the United States senators from Ohio. 10 Who 
represents your district in the United States house of representatives? 


91 



f 


V 


















DETAILED CONTENTS 


The sectional numbers in the work refer to General 
Code or Ohio Laws, Volumes 103 and 104. 


Township Officials, 7-15. 

Assessors (Tax Commission), 7, 13. 
Board of Complaints, 12-15. 
District, 12-15. 

Deputy, 12-15. 

Board of Health, 12. Revision, 13-15. 
Clerk, 7, 9. 

Constables, 7, 9. 

Ditch Supervisor, 8, 11. 

Road Superintendent, 8, 10. 
Treasurer, 7, 9. 

Trustees, 7, 8. 

Municipal Corporations, 16-28. 
Classification, 16. Plans, 28a. 

City Government, 16-23. 
Officials, 16. 

Auditor, 21. 

Council, 16-19. 

Director of Public Safety, 
23. 

Director of Public Service, 
23. 

Mayor, 19, 20. 

President of Council, 20, 21. 
Solicitor, 22. 

Treasurer, 22. 

Village Government, 24-28. 
Officers, 24. 

Clerk, 26. 

Council, 24, 25. 

Marshal, 27. 

Mayor, 25, 26. 

Police Judge, 28. 

President Pro Tern., 25, 26. 
Street Commissioner, 27, 28. 
Treasurer, 26, 27. 


County Officials, 29-39. 

Auditor, 29, 32, 37. 

Clerk of Courts, 30, 35, 37, 38. 
Commissioners, 29, 31. 

Common Pleas Judge, 30, 36, 37, 
39. 

Coroner, 29, 34, 37. 

Probate Judge, 30, 36, 37. 
Prosecuting Attorney, 29, 35, 37, 
38. 

Recorder, 29, 33, 37. 
Representative, 30, 36, 37, 39. 
Sheriff, 30, 34, 37, 38. 

Surveyor, 29, 34, 37. 

Treasurer, 29, 33, 37. 

Board of Education, 40-46. 
Organization, 40. 

Vacancies, 40. 

Treasurer, 40. 

Boards, 42-46. 

City, 42, 43. 

County, 43-46. 

Rural, 43. 

Village, 43. 

Superintendents, 44-46. 

County, 44, 45. 

District, 45, 46. 

School Examiners, 47-49. 

City Board, 49. 

County Board, 48. 

State Board, 47. 


93 





OHIO 


Coat of Arms, 51. 

Emblem, 50. 

Flag, 50. 

Seals, 51, 52. 

State Government, 52-84. 
Departments 

Legislative, 52-57. 

General Assembly, 52-57. 
Organization, 53. 

Senate, 54. 

Officers, 54, 57. 

House, 54. 

Officers, 55, 57. 
Representatives, 36, 53, 56. 
Representative Districts, 
30, 53. 

Senators, 52, 56. 

Senatorial Districts, 52. 
Executive, 58-71. 

Officers, 58, 59. 

Elective, 58-63. 

Attorney General, 60, 62, 
63. 

Auditor, 61, 62. 

Book-keeper, 62. 
Commissioners of Sink¬ 
ing Fund, 58. 

Governor, 60-69. 
Lieutenant Governor, 
60-62. 

Secretary, 60-62. 
Treasurer, 60, 62. 
Appointive, 63-71. 
Agricultural Commission, 
59, 70, 71. 

Board of Accountancy, 
68, 70, 71. 

Board of State Charities, 
67, 70, 71. 

Board, Dental, 67, 70, 71. 
Board of Embalming, 67, 

70, 71. 

Board of Health, 66, 70, 

71. 

Board of Library Com¬ 
missioners, 64, 70, 71. 
Board, Medical, 66, 70, 
71. 

Board of Pharmacy, 66, 
70, 71. 


Executive—Continued. 

Board of Uniform State 
Laws, 68, 70, 71. 

Board of Public Works, 
69-71. 

Blind Commission, 68, 70, 
71. 

Commissioner of Soldiers' 
Claims, 65, 70. 

Fire Marshal, 65, 70, 71. 

Geologist, 64, 70. 

Highway Commissioner, 
65, 70, 71. 

Industrial Commission, 
59, 70, 71. 

Inspector of Oils, 65, 70, 
71. 

Liability Board of 
Awards, 69-71. 

Public Utilities Commis¬ 
sion, 63, 70. 

Superintendent of Banks, 
64, 70. 

Superintendent of Insur¬ 
ance, 64, 70. 

Superintendent of Public 
Instruction, 69-71. 

Superintendent of Public 
Printing, 64, 70. 

Tax Commission, 69-71. 

Judicial, 74-83. 

Courts 

Appeals, 74. 

Common Pleas, 36, 37, 39, 

75. 

Insolvency, 80, 81. 

Justice’s, 82, 83. 

Juvenile, 81, 82. 

Municipal, 76-80. 

Cincinnati, 79, 80. 

Cleveland, 76. 

Columbus, 77. 

Dayton, 76. 

Hamilton, 77. 

Youngstown, 78. 

Officers, 79. 

Probate, 30, 36, 37, 80. 

Superior of Cincinnati, 75. 

Supreme, 73, 74. 

Clerk, 74. 

Attorney-at-Law, 83, 84. 


95 













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